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battles of ww2 Flashcards

1
Q

when was the Battle of the Atlantic?

A

1939-45

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2
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

by 1941, Nazi bases were in which 5 countries?

A

France, Belgium, Netherlands, Denmark, and Norway

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3
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

what happened to Allied ships for the first 3 years of the war?

A

were being sunk faster than they could be built

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4
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

what was the Black Pit / The Greenland Gap?

A

beyond aircraft protection

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5
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

what was Canada’s army like at the beginning of WW2?

A

6 warships, 5 minesweepers, 2000 naval personnel

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6
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

what was Canada’s army like at the end of WW2?

A

373 warships, 93 000 naval personnel

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7
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

what was Canada’s purpose to Britain?

A

source of food, raw materials, weapons of war

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8
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

what was invented and installed in 1941?

A

radar systems

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9
Q

when was the Battle of Britain?

A

1940

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10
Q

Battle of Britain

what was the operation?

A

Operation Sea Lion

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11
Q

Battle of Britain

what did the Nazis ask Britain to do and what was Britain’s response?

A

to surrender and join them; Britain refuses

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12
Q

Battle of Britain

why did Hitler send the Luftwaffe against the RAF?

A

to attempt to gain control of the sky and invade Britain through English Channel

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13
Q

Battle of Britain

what parts of Britain did Hitler bomb and why?

A

British planes on the ground; industrial areas so they couldn’t make any more planes

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14
Q

Battle of Britain

what was Hitler’s plan?

A

bomb Britain into submission

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15
Q

Battle of Britain

what was Hitler’s plan once he defeated the British Navy?

A

once they have control of the ports, turn against the Soviet Union and then attack the Americas

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16
Q

Battle of Britain

what was Hitler’s first plan to defeat the British?

A

send the Luftwaffe against the Royal Air Force and blow them out of the sky

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17
Q

Battle of Britain

once the Germans had the sky, what could they do?

A

invade Britain via the English Channel

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18
Q

Battle of Britain

what was the issue with sending the Luftwaffe against the Royal Air Force and blowing them out of the sky?

A

the battle was fought above Britain- every time a plane was shot down, British pilots would eject and return to an air base and rejoin the battle; German pilots were taken as POWs

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19
Q

Battle of Britain

what was Hitler’s second plan to defeat the British?

A

bomb the planes on the ground and the industrial areas of Britain so no more planes could be made

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20
Q

Battle of Britain

what was the issue with bombing the planes on the ground and the industrial areas of Britain?

A

Germans had to bomb in the day to see their targets- were easily seen and shot down; Britain had new radar technology and could detect the Germans and get their planes in the air before they reached them

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21
Q

Battle of Britain

what was Hitler’s third plan to defeat the British?

A

bomb Britain (people, cities) into submission

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22
Q

Battle of Britain

what was the issue with bombing Britain into submission?

A

the British would rather see their cities destroyed than surrender; Germany continues bombing throughout the war

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23
Q

Battle of Britain

when did Germany give up bombing Britain?

A

September 1940

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24
Q

Battle of Britain

what was Canada’s part?

A

flew in the RAF in the battle against the Luftwaffe

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25
Battle of Britain | by mid October 1940, Canadians were credited with _______________
31 enemy aircraft destroyed and 43 damaged
26
when was the Battle of Hong Kong?
1941
27
Battle of Hong Kong | what was the operation?
Operation Hana Suka
28
Battle of Hong Kong almost _____ Canadian and _______ Allied soldiers are stationed in Hong Kong to defend the British colony from Japanese attacks
2000 / 12 000
29
Battle of Hong Kong | what was believed about the Japanese?
they were poorly trained and equipped
30
Battle of Hong Kong | what happened on December 8 1941?
Japanese planes bomb Hong Kong
31
Battle of Hong Kong | what happened on December 18 1941?
50 000 Japanese soldiers arrive in Hong Kong at night
32
Battle of Hong Kong | what did PM King and his Cabinet decide on December 7 1941 and why?
to go to war with Japan in response to bombing
33
Battle of Hong Kong | when did Canadian troops engage the Japanese in battle and when did they surrender?
December 18 engage, December 25 surrender
34
Battle of Hong Kong | what were the Canadian casualties?
290 killed, 500 wounded, others taken as POWs
35
Battle of Hong Kong | how many Canadians would die in concentration camps?
267
36
Battle of Hong Kong | how and when did Brigader J.K. Lawson die?
December 25 1941 defending his station
37
Battle of Hong Kong | who was John Osborn?
awarded the first Canadian Victoria Cross of WW2 for sacrificing himself for others
38
when was the Dieppe Raid?
1942
39
Dieppe Raid | what was the operation?
Operation Jubilee
40
Dieppe Raid | what was Churchill under pressure for?
to send help to Stalin
41
Dieppe Raid | what was the point of Operation Jubilee?
to deceive, destroy, capture, and gain experience
42
Dieppe Raid | what was the German's strategic advantage?
on cliffs overlooking the beaches
43
Dieppe Raid | what happened when Allies landed and tried to make it up the beach?
they were slaughtered
44
Dieppe Raid | what did the Allies learn?
what was needed for D-Day
45
Dieppe Raid | what were the Canadian casualties out of 4900?
907 killed, 1000 wounded, 1900 taken as POWs
46
when did Germany attack the USSR?
June 1941
47
Germany attacks the USSR | what was the operation?
Operation Barbarossa
48
Germany attacks the USSR | which pact did Germany break and why?
the Nazi-Soviet Pact of 1939; they wanted the "living space" that belonged to Russia
49
Germany attacks the USSR | Russia was so large that the troops kept retreating eastward, causing the Germans _________________
to get caught in Russia during the winter
50
Germany attacks the USSR | what stopped the Nazi offensive?
cold temperatures
51
Germany attacks the USSR | what policy did Russia use?
Scorched Earth- burning anything of potential use to the German army
52
when did Japan attack Pearl Harbour?
December 7, 1941
53
Japan attacks Pearl Harbour | was there a warning for the bombing of naval bases at Pearl Harbour?
with no notice or declaration of war
54
Japan attacks Pearl Harbour | why did Japan attack Pearl Harbour and what was the outcome?
to destroy the Pacific navy fleet, the fleet was damaged but not destroyed
55
Japan attacks Pearl Harbour | when did the USA join the Allies in WW2?
December 8, 1941
56
when was Ortona and the Italian Campaign?
1943
57
Ortona and the Italian Campaign | what was the operation?
Operation Husky
58
Ortona and the Italian Campaign | why was Sicily attacked?
in order to launch a fullscale attack on main Italy
59
Ortona and the Italian Campaign | the attack on Sicily was successful but ___________________
a large number of the Axis (German, Italy) forces were able to escape to Italy
60
Ortona and the Italian Campaign | what did Germans block Canadians from?
reaching Rome
61
Ortona and the Italian Campaign | where were Canadians blocked?
at Ortona
62
Ortona and the Italian Campaign | what did Germans have and what did they blow up?
high ground; all bridges leading into Ortona
63
Ortona and the Italian Campaign | what happened to Canadian forces?
losses were high but they were successful
64
Ortona and the Italian Campaign | to whom and when did Ortona fall?
to a regiment from Edmonton; December 1943
65
Ortona and the Italian Campaign | what new warfare was used?
"urban warfare"- close corridors; house to house, room to room
66
Ortona and the Italian Campaign | where did the Allies move to next?
to capture Rome
67
when was D-Day?
June 6, 1944
68
D-Day | what was the operation?
Operation Overload
69
D-Day | the largest invasion in history was a joint attack by ____________
Canada, Britain, USA
70
D-Day | where did troops need to land in order to invade Germany and where was the selected location?
on the Beaches of France- chose Normandy
71
D-Day | 2000 bombers took out __________
German artillery
72
D-Day | what happened an hour after German artillery was taken out?
the first troops were sent up the beach
73
D-Day | what did the troops sent up to the beach have to deal with?
4-5ft of water, barbed wire, landmines, while being fired at
74
D-Day | was the operation successful?
yes
75
D-Day | what did Hitler then have to do?
fight a war on two fronts- Allies on west and Russians on east
76
D-Day | what was Canada's part in D-Day?
attacked on Juno Beach
77
when was the Liberation of the Netherlands and Victory in Europe?
1945
78
Liberation of the Netherlands and Victory in Europe | what was Princess Juliana of Holland's part in the war?
sent to Canada during ww2 and then sent 100 000 tulip bulbs to Ottawa in thanks
79
when is Victory in Europe Day and why?
May 8, 1945; Germany surrenders
80
when did Hitler commit suicide?
April 30, 1945
81
Liberation of the Netherlands and Victory in Europe | what was Canada's part in Liberation of the Netherlands and Victory in Europe?
the main force who liberated the Netherlands

10 history (68 decks)

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