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battles of ww2 Flashcards

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1
Q

when was the Battle of the Atlantic?

A

1939-45

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2
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

by 1941, Nazi bases were in which 5 countries?

A

France, Belgium, Netherlands, Denmark, and Norway

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3
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

what happened to Allied ships for the first 3 years of the war?

A

were being sunk faster than they could be built

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4
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

what was the Black Pit / The Greenland Gap?

A

beyond aircraft protection

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5
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

what was Canada’s army like at the beginning of WW2?

A

6 warships, 5 minesweepers, 2000 naval personnel

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6
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

what was Canada’s army like at the end of WW2?

A

373 warships, 93 000 naval personnel

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7
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

what was Canada’s purpose to Britain?

A

source of food, raw materials, weapons of war

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8
Q

Battle of the Atlantic

what was invented and installed in 1941?

A

radar systems

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9
Q

when was the Battle of Britain?

A

1940

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10
Q

Battle of Britain

what was the operation?

A

Operation Sea Lion

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11
Q

Battle of Britain

what did the Nazis ask Britain to do and what was Britain’s response?

A

to surrender and join them; Britain refuses

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12
Q

Battle of Britain

why did Hitler send the Luftwaffe against the RAF?

A

to attempt to gain control of the sky and invade Britain through English Channel

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13
Q

Battle of Britain

what parts of Britain did Hitler bomb and why?

A

British planes on the ground; industrial areas so they couldn’t make any more planes

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14
Q

Battle of Britain

what was Hitler’s plan?

A

bomb Britain into submission

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15
Q

Battle of Britain

what was Hitler’s plan once he defeated the British Navy?

A

once they have control of the ports, turn against the Soviet Union and then attack the Americas

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16
Q

Battle of Britain

what was Hitler’s first plan to defeat the British?

A

send the Luftwaffe against the Royal Air Force and blow them out of the sky

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17
Q

Battle of Britain

once the Germans had the sky, what could they do?

A

invade Britain via the English Channel

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18
Q

Battle of Britain

what was the issue with sending the Luftwaffe against the Royal Air Force and blowing them out of the sky?

A

the battle was fought above Britain- every time a plane was shot down, British pilots would eject and return to an air base and rejoin the battle; German pilots were taken as POWs

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19
Q

Battle of Britain

what was Hitler’s second plan to defeat the British?

A

bomb the planes on the ground and the industrial areas of Britain so no more planes could be made

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20
Q

Battle of Britain

what was the issue with bombing the planes on the ground and the industrial areas of Britain?

A

Germans had to bomb in the day to see their targets- were easily seen and shot down; Britain had new radar technology and could detect the Germans and get their planes in the air before they reached them

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21
Q

Battle of Britain

what was Hitler’s third plan to defeat the British?

A

bomb Britain (people, cities) into submission

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22
Q

Battle of Britain

what was the issue with bombing Britain into submission?

A

the British would rather see their cities destroyed than surrender; Germany continues bombing throughout the war

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23
Q

Battle of Britain

when did Germany give up bombing Britain?

A

September 1940

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24
Q

Battle of Britain

what was Canada’s part?

A

flew in the RAF in the battle against the Luftwaffe

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25
Q

Battle of Britain

by mid October 1940, Canadians were credited with _______________

A

31 enemy aircraft destroyed and 43 damaged

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26
Q

when was the Battle of Hong Kong?

A

1941

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27
Q

Battle of Hong Kong

what was the operation?

A

Operation Hana Suka

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28
Q

Battle of Hong Kong
almost _____ Canadian and _______ Allied soldiers are stationed in Hong Kong to defend the British colony from Japanese attacks

A

2000 / 12 000

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29
Q

Battle of Hong Kong

what was believed about the Japanese?

A

they were poorly trained and equipped

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30
Q

Battle of Hong Kong

what happened on December 8 1941?

A

Japanese planes bomb Hong Kong

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31
Q

Battle of Hong Kong

what happened on December 18 1941?

A

50 000 Japanese soldiers arrive in Hong Kong at night

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32
Q

Battle of Hong Kong

what did PM King and his Cabinet decide on December 7 1941 and why?

A

to go to war with Japan in response to bombing

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33
Q

Battle of Hong Kong

when did Canadian troops engage the Japanese in battle and when did they surrender?

A

December 18 engage, December 25 surrender

34
Q

Battle of Hong Kong

what were the Canadian casualties?

A

290 killed, 500 wounded, others taken as POWs

35
Q

Battle of Hong Kong

how many Canadians would die in concentration camps?

A

267

36
Q

Battle of Hong Kong

how and when did Brigader J.K. Lawson die?

A

December 25 1941 defending his station

37
Q

Battle of Hong Kong

who was John Osborn?

A

awarded the first Canadian Victoria Cross of WW2 for sacrificing himself for others

38
Q

when was the Dieppe Raid?

A

1942

39
Q

Dieppe Raid

what was the operation?

A

Operation Jubilee

40
Q

Dieppe Raid

what was Churchill under pressure for?

A

to send help to Stalin

41
Q

Dieppe Raid

what was the point of Operation Jubilee?

A

to deceive, destroy, capture, and gain experience

42
Q

Dieppe Raid

what was the German’s strategic advantage?

A

on cliffs overlooking the beaches

43
Q

Dieppe Raid

what happened when Allies landed and tried to make it up the beach?

A

they were slaughtered

44
Q

Dieppe Raid

what did the Allies learn?

A

what was needed for D-Day

45
Q

Dieppe Raid

what were the Canadian casualties out of 4900?

A

907 killed, 1000 wounded, 1900 taken as POWs

46
Q

when did Germany attack the USSR?

A

June 1941

47
Q

Germany attacks the USSR

what was the operation?

A

Operation Barbarossa

48
Q

Germany attacks the USSR

which pact did Germany break and why?

A

the Nazi-Soviet Pact of 1939; they wanted the “living space” that belonged to Russia

49
Q

Germany attacks the USSR

Russia was so large that the troops kept retreating eastward, causing the Germans _________________

A

to get caught in Russia during the winter

50
Q

Germany attacks the USSR

what stopped the Nazi offensive?

A

cold temperatures

51
Q

Germany attacks the USSR

what policy did Russia use?

A

Scorched Earth- burning anything of potential use to the German army

52
Q

when did Japan attack Pearl Harbour?

A

December 7, 1941

53
Q

Japan attacks Pearl Harbour

was there a warning for the bombing of naval bases at Pearl Harbour?

A

with no notice or declaration of war

54
Q

Japan attacks Pearl Harbour

why did Japan attack Pearl Harbour and what was the outcome?

A

to destroy the Pacific navy fleet, the fleet was damaged but not destroyed

55
Q

Japan attacks Pearl Harbour

when did the USA join the Allies in WW2?

A

December 8, 1941

56
Q

when was Ortona and the Italian Campaign?

A

1943

57
Q

Ortona and the Italian Campaign

what was the operation?

A

Operation Husky

58
Q

Ortona and the Italian Campaign

why was Sicily attacked?

A

in order to launch a fullscale attack on main Italy

59
Q

Ortona and the Italian Campaign

the attack on Sicily was successful but ___________________

A

a large number of the Axis (German, Italy) forces were able to escape to Italy

60
Q

Ortona and the Italian Campaign

what did Germans block Canadians from?

A

reaching Rome

61
Q

Ortona and the Italian Campaign

where were Canadians blocked?

A

at Ortona

62
Q

Ortona and the Italian Campaign

what did Germans have and what did they blow up?

A

high ground; all bridges leading into Ortona

63
Q

Ortona and the Italian Campaign

what happened to Canadian forces?

A

losses were high but they were successful

64
Q

Ortona and the Italian Campaign

to whom and when did Ortona fall?

A

to a regiment from Edmonton; December 1943

65
Q

Ortona and the Italian Campaign

what new warfare was used?

A

“urban warfare”- close corridors; house to house, room to room

66
Q

Ortona and the Italian Campaign

where did the Allies move to next?

A

to capture Rome

67
Q

when was D-Day?

A

June 6, 1944

68
Q

D-Day

what was the operation?

A

Operation Overload

69
Q

D-Day

the largest invasion in history was a joint attack by ____________

A

Canada, Britain, USA

70
Q

D-Day

where did troops need to land in order to invade Germany and where was the selected location?

A

on the Beaches of France- chose Normandy

71
Q

D-Day

2000 bombers took out __________

A

German artillery

72
Q

D-Day

what happened an hour after German artillery was taken out?

A

the first troops were sent up the beach

73
Q

D-Day

what did the troops sent up to the beach have to deal with?

A

4-5ft of water, barbed wire, landmines, while being fired at

74
Q

D-Day

was the operation successful?

A

yes

75
Q

D-Day

what did Hitler then have to do?

A

fight a war on two fronts- Allies on west and Russians on east

76
Q

D-Day

what was Canada’s part in D-Day?

A

attacked on Juno Beach

77
Q

when was the Liberation of the Netherlands and Victory in Europe?

A

1945

78
Q

Liberation of the Netherlands and Victory in Europe

what was Princess Juliana of Holland’s part in the war?

A

sent to Canada during ww2 and then sent 100 000 tulip bulbs to Ottawa in thanks

79
Q

when is Victory in Europe Day and why?

A

May 8, 1945; Germany surrenders

80
Q

when did Hitler commit suicide?

A

April 30, 1945

81
Q

Liberation of the Netherlands and Victory in Europe

what was Canada’s part in Liberation of the Netherlands and Victory in Europe?

A

the main force who liberated the Netherlands

10 history (68 decks)

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