1930s world dictators Flashcards
where was Benito Mussolini from?
Italy
where was Francisco Franco from?
Spain
where was Josef Stalin from?
USSR (Russia)
where was Hirohito from?
Japan
where was Chiang Kai-Shek from?
China
when and where was Benito Mussolini born?
July 29, 1883 / Preddapro, Italy
Benito Mussolini
served in the _______ in WWI
Italian Army
in March 1919, Benito Mussolini formed the ____________
Fascist Party
which country did Benito Mussolini invade in 1935?
Abyssina (now Ethiopia)
who did Benito Mussolini provide military support to?
Francisco Franco
who was Benito Mussolini in a pact with?
Germany
was Benito Mussolini pro- or anti- Jew?
anti
what did Benito Mussolini do about war veterans?
galvanized
what did Benito Mussolini oppose discrimination against?
other social classes
who was Francisco Franco originally?
a military general from Spain
what happened to Spain in 1931-36?
struggled to maintain democracy; the Depression made it worse
Francisco Franco served in the ________ army
Spanish
how did Francisco Franco rise to power?
Spanish Conservative leader Jose Calvo died in a plane crash
in 1936, Francisco Franco started a military group against the ______________
democratic government
what was the result of Francisco Franco’s military group?
start of the Spanish Civil War
how did Francisco Franco win the election?
lots of support from Hitler and Fascist Italy
in 1939, what was Francisco Franco’s position?
head of state and dictator
what type of beliefs/goals did Francisco Franco have?
Nationalistic
who supported Francisco Franco?
Hitler and Mussolini
what were some things Francisco Franco put into action?
forced labour, building railways, drying out swamps
Francisco Franco wanted to protect ___________
Spanish territory
what religion did Francisco Franco promote?
Catholicism
was Francisco Franco pro- or anti- communism?
anti-
what values did Francisco Franco promote?
traditional
what was in demand in Russia?
industrialization, economic success, tough military
who’s leadership was Josef Stalin unhappy with?
the czar
what discouraged Josef Stalin?
WW1 tolls
what did Josef Stalin establish to run the government?
a provisional government
how did Josef Stalin rise to power?
he was appointed to General Secretary in 1922
Josef Stalin essentially got rid of democracy by doing what?
purging the party of “enemies of the people”
when was Josef Stalin conscripted into the Russian Army?
WW1 (1921, Red Army Invasion)
what happened to Josef Stalin in 1924?
he became the leader of the Communist Party and government
what did Josef Stalin both promise and establish?
industrialization
what types of “controversial military orders” did Josef Stalin introduce?
- shooting deserters on the spot
- executing, deporting, imprisoning, starving Soviet citizens
what did Josef Stalin assign guilty soldiers?
punishment or an alternative to imprisonment/ capital punishment
who did Josef Stalin unite Russia with and why?
with surrounding states / form Soviet Union
what was Hirohito’s status in Japan?
prince from Tokyo, later promoted to emperor, “living god”
what was Hirohito’s stance on his military?
unable/unwilling to control
against the Constitution of Japan, what did Hirohito order his senior advisors to do?
put down the rebellion
what was the emperor not allowed to do?
act, except on advice of ministers
what wars did Hirohito reluctantly support?
war against China (1931-32) and Manchuria (1937)
where and when was Chiang Kai-Shek born?
October 31, 1887 in ZheJiang
where did Chiang Kai-Shek go to at age 18?
military training college in Japan
why did Chiang Kai-Shek return to China in 1911?
to participate in the uprising that overthrew the Qing Dynasty
what did Chiang Kai-Shek establish?
the Chinese republic
what party was Chiang Kai-Shek a member of?
Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT)
who supported Chiang Kai-Shek?
Sun Yat-Sen
what position was Chiang Kai-Shek appointed to?
commandant of Whampoa Military Academy
why and when did Chiang Kai-Shek become the leader of the KMT?
after Sun Yat-Sen’s death in 1925
what was Chiang Kai-Shek’s plan for China?
rebuild- military rule, political tutelage, constitutional rule
what was the goal of the Kuomintang revolution?
democracy
