aggression and appeasement Flashcards
when did the Rome Berlin Axis take place?
1936
Rome Berlin Axis
what country did Hitler form an alliance with?
Italy
Rome Berlin Axis
Hitler was planning to invade ______ and Mussolini promised ____________
Austria / not to interfere
Rome Berlin Axis
what did Hitler promise Mussolini?
to limit German empire-building to north and central Europe, allowing Mussolini to build an empire in southern Europe
Rome Berlin Axis
what country did Italy seize?
Abyssinia (now Ethiopia)
when did rearmament take place?
1935
Rearmament
why did Hitler want to rearm?
resent the Treaty of Versailles
Rearmament
what did Hitler reveal?
the German air force and plans for military conscription and a 36-division army
Rearmament
Hitler said he wanted military equality but really wanted _________
superiority
when did the invasion of Rhineland take place?
1936
Rhineland
what was the main issue with the invasion of Rhineland?
the Treaty of Versailles forbade Germany to have military presence there
Rhineland
what did Hitler make the invasion seem and how?
as peaceful as possible- make it seem as if peacetime soldiers were taking defensive posts in their own country
Rhineland
how did other countries feel about the invasion?
no fear about a war
when did Anschluss take place?
1938
what was Hitler’s excuse for Anschluss?
“reunion” of Germanic people
Anschluss
what was the purpose of Anschluss?
create a “union” of Germans in Austria and Germany in a Greater Germany
Anschluss
what did Hitler do to achieve the “reunion”?
invade Austria
Anschluss
what was the reaction from other European nations?
no one was willing to risk war to stop Hitler from invading Austria
Anschluss
what happened as a result of no Austrian resistance?
the invasion could be described as the reunion of people separated by the Treaty of Versailles
who was Neville Chamberlain?
an appeaser from the UK
when did the invasion of Sudetenland take place?
1938
Sudetenland
why did Hitler seize Sudetenland?
Sudetenland did not belong to Germany, but Germans lived there- “liberate” Germans
Sudetenland
what was Britain and France’s reaction?
they were unwilling to risk war over a small nation
Sudetenland
who met with Hitler in Munich and why?
Italy, France, Britain; decide Czechoslovakia’s fate
Sudetenland
who wasn’t invited to the Munich Agreement?
the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia
Sudetenland
what was the outcome of the Munich Agreement?
Hitler could have Sudetenland (1/3 of Czechoslovakia) but must stop demands for more territories
Sudetenland
Canadians thought the ___________ had passed
threat of war
when did Kristallnacht take place?
1938
Kristallnacht
what is the meaning of Kristallnacht?
Night of Broken Glass
Kristallnacht
what happened on Kristallnacht?
German police supported the looting and ransacking of Jewish businesses and synagogues
Kristallnacht
what happened to over 20 000 Jews?
they were arrested and sent to concentration camps around Germany
Kristallnacht
what was Toronto’s reaction to Kristallnacht?
thousands gathered and protested the treatment of Jews in Germany
when did the invasion of Czechoslovakia take place?
1939, 6 months after the Munich Agreement
Czechoslovakia
what did Hitler do to Czechoslovakia?
attacked and proclaimed the end of their independence
Czechoslovakia
what was Hitler determined to invade?
Poland
Czechoslovakia
what did Hitler have to ensure before invading Poland?
that the Soviet Union would not side with Poland
Czechoslovakia
what did Chamberlain realize?
Hitler was determined to conquer the world and only a war could stop him
Czechoslovakia
where was Britain determined to draw the line?
at Poland
when did the Nazi-Soviet Pact take place?
1939
Nazi-Soviet Pact
what did the Nazi-Soviet Pact ensure?
no war between Germany and the Soviet Union; secretly divide Poland between them
Nazi-Soviet Pact
why was the world shocked by the pact?
Hitler hated communism and Stalin hated Nazism
Nazi-Soviet Pact
Hitler knew the pact would fail but ______________
planned to conquer Western Europe, then attack the Soviet Union
Nazi-Soviet Pact
Stalin knew the pact would fail but ______________
thought Hitler would attack Western Europe first and during the war between democrats and fascists, he would build up his army and prepare for war
Nazi-Soviet Pact
after signing the pact, Hitler could take ______ via ____
Poland / war
Nazi-Soviet Pact
was there an official declaration of war from Germany to Poland?
no
when did the war on Poland take place?
1939
Poland
what type of tactics did Germany use?
blitzkreig (tank and air force combination)
Poland
what did German sabotage troops destroy?
Polish key transport and communication sites
Poland
where did the Germans attack from and what was their main advantage?
north, west, and south; speed and number
Poland
Germans defeated an army of over ________ and lost ________ in less than a month
700 000 / 14 000
Poland
who declared war on Germany?
Britain, France, Canada
Poland
when did Britain and France declare war?
2 days after the invasion
Poland
when did Canada declare war?
December 10, 1939
