The Heart

Question 1

What is the role of the circulatory system?

Answer 1

To pump blood and oxygen around the body

Question 2

What is a type of pump is the heart?

Answer 2

The heart is a double pump which means that is squeezes the blood around the body and to the lungs

Question 3

What is the heart made out of?

Answer 3

Cardiac muscle

Question 4

Where does oxygenated blood come from?

Answer 4

The lungs

Question 5

Where does oxygenated blood become deoxygenated?

Answer 5

Once it gets through the body

Question 6

Where does the oxygen go?

Answer 6

To the cells for cellular respiration

Question 7

How many chambers are there in the heart?

Answer 7

4 - right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle

Question 8

Which side of the heart is oxygenated blood?

Answer 8

Left side

Question 9

Which side of the heart is deoxygenated blood?

Answer 9

Right side

Question 10

What are the sides separated by in the heart?

Answer 10

Sides are separated by a septum

Question 11

What are valves function?

Answer 11

They prevent the backflow of blood and keep the blood flowing in one direction

Question 12

What is the function of arteries?

Answer 12

Arteries bring blood AWAY from the heart

Question 13

What is the function of veins?

Answer 13

Veins bring blood back to the heart

Question 14

What are coronary arteries?

Answer 14

They supply oxygen to muscle cells of the heart itself

Question 15

Why is the muscular wall around the left ventricle thicker than the right ventricle?

Answer 15

Blood has to get to the body and back as apposed to going to the lungs and back

Question 16

Why is blood pumped back to the heart?

Answer 16

So the heart can pump it back into the body

Question 17

Describe where the blood flows when it enters the right atrium

Answer 17

right atrium —> right ventricle —> pulmonary artery —> lungs —-> pulmonary vein —> left atrium —> left ventricle —> aorta —> body cells —> vena cava —> right atrium etc

Question 18

What are the collecting chambers called in the heart?

Answer 18

Atria (plural)
Atrium (singular)

Question 19

What are the oxygen levels in arteries and veins?

Answer 19

Arteries - high O₂ (oxygenated)
Veins - low O₂ (deoxygenated)

Question 20

What do capillaries do?

Answer 20

Enables substances to pass easily between cells and blood

Question 21

What is the structure of arteries?

Answer 21

They have a small lumin, thick walls, and thick layer of muscle and elastic fibres

Question 22

How does the structure of an artery help with its function?

Answer 22

Its small lumin and thick muscular wall helps maintain high pressure so the blood can be pushed from the heart around the body

Question 23

What is the structure of veins?

Answer 23

They have very large lumin, relatively thin walls and often have valves

Question 24

How does the structure of a vein help with its function?

Answer 24

The thin walls help them handle high volumes + low pressure. They also have valves to prevent the backflow of blood and control the blood flow

Question 25

What is the structure of capillaries?

Answer 25

They have a very small lumin - space for just one red blood cell and the walls are very thing - a single cell thick

Question 26

How does the structure of a capillaries help with its function?

Answer 26

The thin walls (a single cell thick) allow CO₂, O₂ and nutrients to diffuse between cells and the blood