Digestive System

Question 1

What is the hierarchy of organisms in one body like?

Answer 1

hierarchy organisms:

organism
I
I
organ systems
I
I
organs
I
I
tissues
I
I
cells

Question 2

What is the function of the digestive system?

Answer 2

To break down large insoluble molecules (eg. a large piece of bread) into small soluble molecules (eg. sugar)

Question 3

What does soluble mean?

Answer 3

Can be dissolved
eg. into the blood

Question 4

What does insoluble mean?

Answer 4

Can’t be dissolved
eg. into the blood

Question 5

Which organs are involved in digestion?

Answer 5

• oesophagus
• intestines (both)
• stomach
• mouth
• pancreas
• liver
• gallbladder
• anus

Question 6

What is the direction of digestion? Which organs does it go through in order?

Answer 6

digestion:

 mouth
      I
      I   oesophagus
      I
      I
stomach
      I
      I  small intestine
      I
      I large intestine
      I
      I 
 rectum
      I
      I
   anus

Question 7

What are enzymes?

Answer 7

Biological catalysts: they speed up chemical reactions

Biological - made by living things

Catalysts - speed up chemical reactions

Question 8

What is physical digestion?

Answer 8

Physical digestion occurs in the mouth (chewing/teeth) and in the stomach (churning action)

Question 9

What does saliva contain?

Answer 9

A lot of enzymes

Question 10

How long is the food in the stomach for?

Answer 10

For 4 hours approximately

Question 11

What does pepsin do?

Answer 11

Helps break down proteins

Question 12

What is pepsin?

Answer 12

A type of protease

Question 13

What does bile do?

Answer 13

Helps break down fats

Question 14

Where is bile made?

Answer 14

It’s made in the liver but it’s stored in the gallbladder

Question 15

Where is food (small, soluble molecules) absorbed?

Answer 15

In the small intestine

Question 16

Where is water absorbed?

Answer 16

In the large intestine

Question 17

Where is waste stored?

Answer 17

In the rectum

Question 18

What is the small intestine’s purpose?

Answer 18

Where nutrients (small, soluble molecules) are absorbed

Question 19

What is the large intestine’s purpose?

Answer 19

Where water is absorbed

Question 20

What is the mouth’s purpose?

Answer 20

Digestion starts here where food is chewed and mixed with saliva (the saliva contains enzymes)

Question 21

What does the stomach do?

Answer 21

Produces hydrochloric acid, churns food, and produces enzymes

Question 22

What is the oesophagus?

Answer 22

A pipe that connects the mouth the the stomach

Question 23

What is the rectum’s purpose?

Answer 23

This is where the waste food is stored (undigested matter) before it leaves the body

Question 24

What are all the organs involved in the digestive system?

Answer 24

• Oesophagus
• Salivary glands
• Mouth
• Stomach
• Rectum
• Anus
• Liver
• Pancreas
• Large intestine
• Small intestine

Question 25

What does protein break down into?

Answer 25

Amino acids

Question 26

What do carbohydrates break down into?

Answer 26

Simple sugars

Question 27

What do fats/lipids break down into?

Answer 27

Glycerol + fatty acids

Question 28

What is the name of the enzymes saliva contains?

Answer 28

Amylase