The Gastrointestinal Tract Flashcards
___: inflammation of the appendix
acute appendicitis
___: cancer originating in glandular tissue
adenocarcinoma
___: a dense, calcified stone within the appendix
appendicolith
___: a disorder in which the immune system attacks normal tissue
autoimmune disorder
___: masses of various ingested materials that may cause an intestinal obstruction
bezoars
___: a sonographic sign associated with pyloric stenosis in the long axis
cervix sign
___: a sonographic sign associated with the appearance of intussusception
cinnamon bun sign
___: operator-applied transducer pressure on a structure during a sonographic examination
compression sonography
___: an autoimmune disease characterized by periods of inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract
Crohn disease
___: the inflammation of diverticuli within the digestive tract, most often in the sigmoid colon
diverticulitis
___: the development of small outpouchings termed diverticuli in the digestive tract, most often in the sigmoid colon
diverticulosis
___: a sonographic sign associated with pyloric stenosis in the short axis
doughnut sign
___: the proximal portion of the duodenum closest to the stomach
duodenal bulb
___: functional endometrial tissue located outside the uterus
endometriosis
___: a stone that consists of feces
fecalith
___: the junction between the stomach and the esophagus
gastroesophageal junction
___: an abnormality in which fluid is allowed to reflux out of the stomach back into the esophagus
gastroesophageal reflux
___: a defect in the relaxation of the pyloric sphincter that leads to the enlargement of the pyloric muscles and closure of the pyloric sphincter
hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
___: the telescoping of one segment of bowel into another; most often the proximal segment of the bowel inserts into the distal segment
intussusception
___: the proximal segment of the bowel with intussusception
intussusceptum
___:intussuscipiens
the distal segment of the bowel with intussusception
___: to insert
invaginate
___: a bezoar that consists of powdered milk
lactobezoar
___: an elevated white blood cell count
leukocytosis
___: a point halfway between the anterior superior iliac spine and the umbilicus; the area of pain and rebound tenderness in patients suffering from acute appendicitis
McBurney point
___: a situation in which bowel is physically blocked by something
mechanical obstruction
___: a common congenital outpouching of the wall of the small intestine
Meckel diverticulum
___: a malignant form of cancer found most often on the skin
melanoma
___: abnormal rotation of the bowel that leads to a
proximal small bowel obstruction
midgut malrotation
___: not containing bile
nonbilious
___: a situation in which bowel is blocked because of the lack of normal peristalsis of a bowel segment or segments; also referred to as a paralytic ileus
nonmechanical obstruction
___: when the pyloric sphincter muscle is enlarged and palpable on physical examination of the abdomen; often indicative of pyloric stenosis
olive sign
___: fat around the intestines
perienteric fat
___: contractions that move in a wavelike pattern to propel a substance
peristalsis
___: a bezoar that consists of vegetable matter
phytobezoars
___: an intraperitoneal extension of mucin-secreting cells that result from the rupture of a malignant mucinous ovarian tumor or possibly a malignant tumor of the appendix
pseudomyxoma peritonei
___: a temporary spasm and thickening of the pyloric sphincter that can replicate the sonographic appearance of pyloric stenosis
pylorospasm
___: pain encountered after the removal of pressure; a common clinical finding in patients suffering from acute appendicitis
rebound tenderness
___: feces that contains a mixture of mucus and blood; a common clinical finding in patients suffering from intussusception
red currant jelly stool
___: the sonographic appearance of the hyperechoic edematous connective tissue that surrounds the inflamed appendix
thyroid in the belly sign
___: a bezoar that consists of matted hair
trichobezoars
___: performed by attempting to forcibly exhale while
keeping the mouth and nose closed
Valsalva technique
___: a blind-ended tube that is connected to the cecum of the colon
vermiform appendix
___: a situation in which a loop of bowel twists upon itself
volvulus