The Adrenals

Question 1

___: an endocrine disorder that results from hypofunction of the adrenal cortex

Answer 1

Addison disease

Question 2

___: benign solid mass located within the adrenal glands

Answer 2

adrenal adenoma

Question 3

___: benign simple cysts located within the adrenal glands

Answer 3

adrenal cysts

Question 4

___: accessory adrenal gland tissue

Answer 4

adrenal rests

Question 5

___: hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, which controls the release of hormones by the adrenal glands

Answer 5

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 6

___: lack of oxygen supply to the body, organ, or tissue

Answer 6

anoxia

Question 7

___: excessive amount of fat on the back between the shoulders

Answer 7

buffalo hump

Question 8

___: a group of disorders in which there is a deficiency of cortisol production by the adrenal glands, although other hormones produced by the adrenal may be deficient as well

Answer 8

congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Question 9

___: a syndrome caused by a functioning tumor within the adrenal cortex that produces excessive amounts of aldosterone

Answer 9

Conn syndrome

Question 10

___: a tendinous structure that extends from the diaphragm to the vertebral column; there are two crura (plural for crus), a right crus and a left crus

Answer 10

crus of the diaphragm

Question 11

___: the presence of a brain tumor in the pituitary gland that increases the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone resulting in Cushing syndrome

Answer 11

Cushing disease

Question 12

___: a syndrome that results from an anterior pituitary gland or adrenal tumor that causes overproduction of cortisol by the adrenal glands

Answer 12

Cushing syndrome

Question 13

___: glands that release their hormones directly into the bloodstream

Answer 13

endocrine glands

Question 14

___: the fibrous envelope of tissue that surrounds the kidney and adrenal gland

Answer 14

Gerota fascia

Question 15

___: excessive hair growth in women in areas where hair growth is normally negligible

Answer 15

hirsutism

Question 16

___: high levels of cortisol in the blood

Answer 16

hypercortisolism

Question 17

___: high levels of potassium in the blood

Answer 17

hyperkalemia

Question 18

___: high levels of sodium in the blood

Answer 18

hypernatremia

Question 19

___: he darkening of the skin

Answer 19

hyperpigmentation

Question 20

___: high blood pressure

Answer 20

hypertension

Question 21

___: low levels of potassium in the blood

Answer 21

hypokalemia

Question 22

___: low levels of sodium in the blood

Answer 22

hyponatremia

Question 23

___: malignant tumor that can occur within the adrenal gland and anywhere within the sympathetic nervous system

Answer 23

neuroblastoma

Question 24

___: a hyperfunctioning, benign adrenal mass that causes the adrenal gland to release excessive amounts of epinephrine and norepinephrine into the blood stream leading to uncontrollable hypertension

Answer 24

pheochromocytoma

Question 25

___: stretch marks

Answer 25

striae

Question 26

___: another name for the adrenal glands

Answer 26

suprarenal glands

Question 27

___: abnormally rapid heart rate

Answer 27

tachycardia