The First Trimester Vocabulary

Question 1

The complete expulsion or parietal expulsion of the conceptus

Answer 1

Abortion

Question 2

The sonographic sign that describes the appearance of an ectopic pregnancy within the Fallopian tube

Answer 2

Adnexal Ring Sign

Question 3

The wall of the inner sac (amniotic cavity) that contains the embryo and amniotic fluid; echogenic curvilinear structure that may be seen during the first trimester within the gestational sac

Answer 3

Amnion

Question 4

The cavity that contains simple-appearing amniotic fluid and the developing embryo

Answer 4

Amniotic Cavity

Question 5

An abnormal pregnancy in which there is no evidence of a fetal pole or yolk sac within the gestational sac; also referred to as blighted ovum

Answer 5

Anembryonic Gestation

Question 6

A condition of having an abnormal number of chromosomes

Answer 6

Aneuploid

Question 7

The stage of the conceptus that implants within the decidualized endometrium

Answer 7

Blastocyst

Question 8

The most malignant form of gestational trophoblastic disease with possible metastasis to the liver, lungs, and vagina

Answer 8

Choriocarcinoma

Question 9

The outer membrane of a gestation that surrounds the amnion and the developing embryo

Answer 9

Chorion

Question 10

The part of the chorion, covered by chorionic villi, that is the fetal contribution of the placenta

Answer 10

Chorion Frondosum

Question 11

The space between the chorion sac and the amniotic sac that contains the secondary yolk sac; also referred to as the extraembryonic coelom

Answer 11

Chorionic Cavity

Question 12

The gestational sac; also referred to as the chorion

Answer 12

Chorionic Sac

Question 13

Fingerlike projections of gestational tissue that attach to the decidualized endometrium and allow transfer of nutrients from the mother to the fetus

Answer 13

Chorionic Villi

Question 14

The combination of a female ovum with a male sperm to produce a zygote; also referred to as fertilization

Answer 14

Conception

Question 15

Physiologic ovarian cyst that develops after ovulation has occurred

Answer 15

Corpus Luteum Cyst

Question 16

The corpus luteum that is maintained during an early pregnancy for the purpose of producing estrogen and primarily progesterone

Answer 16

Corpus Luteum of Pregnancy

Question 17

The measurement of the embryo/fetus from the top of the head to the rump

Answer 17

Crown Rump Length

Question 18

The endometrial tissue at the implantation site, and the maternal contribution of the placenta

Answer 18

Decidua Basilis

Question 19

The physiologic effect on the endometrium in the presence of a pregnancy

Answer 19

Decidual Reaction

Question 20

The level of human chorionic gonadotropin beyond which an intrauterine pregnancy is consistently visible

Answer 20

Discriminatory Zone

Question 21

The normal sonographic appearance of the decidua capsularis and decidua parietalis, separated by the anechoic fluid-filled uterine cavity

Answer 21

Double Decidual Sign

Question 22

A sequela of preeclampsia in which uncontrollable maternal hypertension and proteinuria lead to maternal convulsions and possibly fetal and maternal death

Answer 22

Eclampsia

Question 23

A pregnancy located outside the endometrial cavity of the uterus

Answer 23

Ectopic Pregnancy

Question 24

Term given to the developing fetus before 10 weeks gestation

Answer 24

Embryo

Question 25

The death of an embryo before 10 weeks gestation

Answer 25

Embryonic Demise

Question 26

Localized, painless contractions of the myometrium in the gravid uterus that should resolve within 20 to 30 minutes

Answer 26

Focal Myometrial Contraction

Question 27

The way in which a pregnancy can be dated based on the first day of the last menstrual cycle; also referred to as. menstrual age

Answer 27

Gestational Age

Question 28

A disease associated with an abnormal proliferation of the trophoblastic cells during pregnancy; may also be referred to as a molar pregnancy

Answer 28

Gestational Trophoblastic Disease

Question 29

Coexisting ectopic and intrauterine pregnancies

Answer 29

Heterotopic Pregnancy

Question 30

Hormone produced by the trophoblastic cells of the early placenta; may also be used as a tumor marker in non gravid patients and males

Answer 30

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

Question 31

The most common form of gestational trophoblastic disease in which there is an excessive growth of the placenta and high levels of human chorionic gonadotropin; typically benign

Answer 31

Hydatidiform Mole

Question 32

Excessive vomiting during pregnancy

Answer 32

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Question 33

A bleed that occurs at the time in which the conceptus implants into the decidualized endometrium

Answer 33

Implantation Bleed

Question 34

The appearance of a small gestational sac in the uterine cavity surrounded by the thickened, echogenic endometrium

Answer 34

Intradecidual Sign

Question 35

A reversible form of contraceptive that is manually placed in the uterine cavity to prevent pregnancy; also referred to as an intrauterine device

Answer 35

Intrauterine Contraceptive Device

Question 36

A type of gestational trophoblastic disease in which a molar pregnancy invades into the myometrium and may also invade through the uterine wall and into the peritoneum

Answer 36

Invasive Mole

Question 37

Early embryonic structures that will eventually give rise to the extrememties

Answer 37

Limb buds

Question 38

The measurement of the gestational sac to obtain a gestational age

Answer 38

Mean Sac Diameter

Question 39

A chemotherapy drug used to attack rapidly dividing cells like those seen in an early pregnancy; this drug is often used to manage ectopic pregnancies

Answer 39

Methotrexate

Question 40

The spontaneous end of a pregnancy before viability

Answer 40

Miscarriage

Question 41

Fetal demise with a retained fetus

Answer 41

Missed Abortion

Question 42

The developmental stage of the conceptus following the zygote

Answer 42

Morula

Question 43

The anechoic space along the posterior aspect of the fetal neck

Answer 43

Nuchal Translucency

Question 44

The normal developmental stage when the midgut migrates into the base of the umbilical cord

Answer 44

Physiologic Bowel Herniation

Question 45

Pregnancy-induced maternal high blood pressure and excess protein in the urine after 20 weeks gestation

Answer 45

Preeclampsia

Question 46

The appearance of an abnormally shaped false gestational sac within the uterine cavity as a result of an ectopic pregnancy; this often corresponds with the accumulation of blood and secretions within the uterine cavity

Answer 46

Pseudogestational Sac

Question 47

The primary brain vesicle also referred to as the hindbrain; becomes the cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata, and fourth ventricle

Answer 47

Rhombencephalon

Question 48

The structure responsible for early nutrient transfer to the embryo; the yolk sac seen during a sonographic examination of the early gestation

Answer 48

Secondary Yolk Sac

Question 49

A bleed between the endometrium and the gestational sac at the edge of the placenta

Answer 49

Subchorionic Hemorrhage

Question 50

Having three sets of each chromosome or 69 total

Answer 50

Triploid

Question 51

Chromosomal abberation in which there is a third chromosome 18; also referred to as Edwards Syndrome

Answer 51

Trisomy 18

Question 52

Chromosomal abberation in which there is a third chromosome 21, also referred to as Down Syndrome

Answer 52

Trisomy 21

Question 53

The cells the surround the gestation that produces that produce human chorionic gonadotropin

Answer 53

Trophoblastic Cells

Question 54

A chromosomal abberation where one sex chromosome is absent; may also be referred to as monosomy X

Answer 54

Turner Syndrome

Question 55

The structure that connects the developing embryo to the secondary yolk sac

Answer 55

Vitelline Duct

Question 56

The cell formed by the union of two gametes; the first stage of a fertilized ovum

Answer 56

Zygote