Fetal Environment and Maternal Complications Vocabualry Flashcards
Placental abruption
Abruption Placentae
Cyst found within the umbilical cord
Allantoic Cyst
The amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus; the sum of four quadrant measurements of amniotic fluid
Amniotic Fluid Index
Diffuse edema
Anasarca
Placenta that consists of two discs of equal size
Bilobed Placenta
Method of fetal monitoring with sonography to produce a numerical scoring system that predicts fetal well-being
Biophysical Profile
The stage of the conceptus that implants within the decidualized endometrium
Blastocyst
The placement of sutures within the cervix to keep it closed
Cerclage
The painless dilation of the cervix in the second or early third trimester
Cervical Incompetence
A benign placental tumor
Chorioangioma
The part of the chorion, covered by chorionic villi, that is the fetal contribution of the placenta
Chorion Frondosum
Fingerlike projections of gestational tissue that attach to the decidualized endometrium and allow the transfer of nutrients from the mother to the fetus
Chorionic Villi
An abnormally shaped placenta caused by the membranes inserting inward from the edge of the placenta, producing a curled-up placental shape
Circumvallate Placenta
Groups or lobes of chorionic villi
Cotyledons
A mass consisting of abnormal bronchial and lung tissue that develops within the fetal chest
Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation
The endometrial tissue at the implantation site, and the maternal contribution of the placenta
Decidua Basilis
A drug administered to pregnant women from the 1940’s to the 1970’s to treat threatened abortions and premature labor that has been linked with uterine malformation in the exposed fetus
Diethylstilbestrol
Condition in which there is an incompatibility between the fetal an maternal red blood cells
Erythroblastosis Fetalis
The fetal weight based on sonographic measurements
Estimated Fetal Weight
Total blood loss; to bleed out
Exsanguination
The result of the premature opening of the internal os and the subsequent bulging of the membranes into the dilated cervix
Funneling (Cervical)
Fetal hydrops caused by Rh incompatibility
Immune Hydrops
The term used for the isthmus during pregnancy
Lower Uterine Segment
A fetus that is below the 10th percentile for gestational age (small for gestational age) and whose growth is impeded for some reason
Intrauterine Growth Restriction
An estimated fetal weight of greater than the 90th percentile or the neonate that measures more than 4,500g
Macrosomia
Abnormal cord insertion at the edge of the placenta
Marginal Cord Insertion
Fetal stool that is composed of fetal skin, hair, amniotic fluid, and bile
Meconium
A rare disorder in which the mother suffers from edema and fluid buildup similar to her hyrdropic fetus
Mirror Syndrome
The first 28 days of life
Neonatal Period
A group of developmental abnormalities that involve the brain and spine
Neural Tube Defects
Fetal hydrops caused by congenital fetal anomalies and infections
Nonimmune Hydrops
Condition of having the umbilical cord wrapped completely around the fetal neck
Nuchal Cord
The vertical groove seen between the upper lip and the nasal septum
Philtrum
The abnormal adherence of the placenta to the myometrium in an area where the decidua is either absent or minimal
Placenta Accreta
Invasion of the placenta within the myometrium
Placenta Increta
Penetration of the placenta through the uterine serosa and possibly into adjacent pelvic organs
Placenta Percreta
When the placenta covers or nearly covers the internal os of the cervix
Placenta Previa
Enlargement of the placenta
Placentamegaly
A lower-than-normal amount of amniotic fluid or the gestational age
Oligohydroamnios
An excessive amount of amniotic fluid for the gestational age
Polyhydroamnios
Time directly after giving birth and extending to about 6 weeks
Postpartum
Pregnancy-induced maternal high blood pressure and excess protein in the urine after 20 weeks gestation
Preeclampsia
The rupture of the amniotic sac prior to the onset of labor
Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM)
When additional placental tissue remains within the uterus after the bulk of the placenta has been delivered
Retained Products of Conception
When the shoulder of the fetus cannot pass through the birth canal during pregnancy
Shoulder Dystocia
An accessory lobe of the placenta
Succenturiate Lobe
Acronym that stands for toxoplasmosis, other infections, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes simplex virus
TORCH
Shunting of venous or arterial blood flow from one twin to another through placental circulation
Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
An umbilical cord with one artery and one vein; could possibly be associated with other fetal abnormalities and intrauterine growth restriction
Two-Vessel Cord
Two vessels of the umbilical cord that carry deoxygenated blood from the fetus to the placenta
Umbilical Arteries
The vessel of the umbilical cord that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus
Umbilical Vein
Focal dilation of the intra-abdominal portion of the umbilical vein
Umbilical Vein Varix
Fetal vessels resting over the internal os of the cervix
Vasa Previa
The abnormal insertion of the umbilical cord into the membranes beyond the placenta edge
Velamentous Cord Insertion
Pools of maternal blood within the placental substance
Venous Lakes
Protective fetal skin covering
Vernix
The structure that connects the developing embryo to the secondary yolk sac
Vitelline Duct
Gelatinous material that is located within the umbilical cord around the umbilical vessels
Wharton Jelly
