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102 > The Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

The Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

I

A

Olfactory
smell
nucleus: olfactory bulb
only nerve that DOES NOT TERMINATE IN THALAMUS to reach cortex

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2
Q

II

A

Optic
vision
nucleus: retinal ganglion cells

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3
Q

III

A

Oculomotor
eye movement, eyelid/pupil response
nucleus: oculomotor nucleus, Edinger-westphal nucleus

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4
Q

IV

A

Trochlear
eye movement down and laterally
nucleus: trochlear nucleus

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5
Q

V

A

Trigeminal

sensation in head and mastication

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6
Q

VI

A

Abducens
eye movement laterally out
nucleus: ipsilateral abducens nucleus

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7
Q

VII

A

Facial
facial expression, taste
nucleus: facial motor nucleus (pons)

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8
Q

VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear
balance and hearing
nucleus: cochlear nuclei

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9
Q

IX

A

Glossalpharyngeal

conveys info from intraoval receptors

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10
Q

X

A

Vagus
principle parasympathetic nerve
nuclei: dorsal motor nucleus, nucleus ambiguus, solitary nucleus, spinal trigeminal nucleus

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11
Q

XI

A

Accessory

neck and shoulder muscles

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12
Q

XII

A

Hypoglossal
tongue muscles
nucleus: hypoglossal nucleus

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13
Q

Somatic Sensory nerves

A

carries sensory info form muscles, skin, joins in periphery (V)

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14
Q

Visceral Sensory nerves

A

sensory info from viscera eg blood vessels and digestive (X)

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15
Q

Specialised sensory nerves

A

nose, eyes, ears (I, II, III)

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16
Q

Somatic motor nerves

A

fibers innervate skeletal muscle (III, IV, VI, XII)

17
Q

Visceral motor nerves

A

preganglionic autonomic axons (X)

18
Q

Brachiomeric nerves

A

motor axons that innervate striated muscles of special embryological origin (V, VII, X, VII, XI)

19
Q

Optic nerve pathway

A

retina –> optic nerve –> optic chiasm –> optic tract –> lateral geniculate (thalamus) –> occipital cortex

20
Q

Oculomotor nerve innervates -

A

medial rectus, inferior rectus, superior rectus, inferior oblique muscles, pupil, eyelids

21
Q

damage to oculomotor nerve

A

strabismus (eyes unaligned)
diplopia (double vision)
ptosis (droopy eyelid)

22
Q

Trochlear nerve

A

only nerve attached to dorsal surface of brainstem and only one to originate entirely contralateral nuclei

23
Q

Trigeminal nerve - 3 branches

A

Opthalmic - top third of face (sensory)
Maxillary - middle third (sensory)
Mandibular - bottom third (sensory and motor)

24
Q

Trigeminal nerve nuclei (4) and functions

A

Mesencephalic - proprioceptive info from muscles
Main sensory - tactile, travels in ascending pathway
Spinal Trigeminal - pain, temp, joins spinothalamic tract
Motor Trigeminal - innervates muscles of mastication

25
Q

Trigeminal nerve ascending pathway

A

touch & proprioception from head –> synapse on main sensory nucleus –> cross midline, travels in medial lemniscus –> synapse in VPM of thalamus –> terminates in lateral part of postcentral gyrus

26
Q

Abducens innervation and damage

A

innervates: lateral rectus of eye
damage: eye deviates medially (ipsi medial strabismus)

27
Q

Facial nerve pathway

A

facial motor nucleus –> travels up and around abducens nucleus –> emerges from lateral pontine-medullary junction

28
Q

Vestibulocochlear nerve pathway

A

hair cells in cochlea, fluid in semicircular canals –> nerve –> cochlear nuclei –> inferior colliculi –> medial geniculate thalamus –> auditory cortex

29
Q

Glossalpharyngeal pathway

A

sensory: input from throat/posterior taste buds - solitary tract and nucleus
motor: output to throat for wallowing and salivary glands
nucleus ambiguus

30
Q

Vagus nuclei and functions

A

Dorsal motor nucleus - parasympathetic output to viscer
Nucleus Ambiguus - vagal brachial innervates heart
Solitary Nucleus - vagal visceral sensory (gag reflex)
Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus - pain, touch, temp of outer ear, back of head, larynx

31
Q

Accessory nerve pathway

A

enters brain thru foramen magnum –> travels inside skull –> sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

102 (15 decks)

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