The Catholic threat

Question 1

Who was Mary Queen of Scot’s?

Answer 1

Elizabeth’s cousin who became queen of Scotland in 1542

Question 2

Where did Mary QoS go in 1548?

Answer 2

At age of 6 to be educated in Catholic France
Her father died so her mother became regent of Scotland

Question 3

What had happened in Scotland when mary QoS was in France?

Answer 3

1559 = Protestant bishops rebelled against her mother
The French troops tried to defeat them and killed her mother
Elizabeth signed a treaty to help Scotland get rid of the French

Question 4

When did Mary qos return to Scotland?

Answer 4

1561

Question 5

What state was Scotland in when Mary returned?

Answer 5

Ruled by Protestant lords
Who were friendly with England

Question 6

What happened whilst Lord Darnley and Mary were married?

Answer 6

Mary married him and had son James VI
But were unhappy together and resulted in Darnley murdering Mary’s Secretary out of jealousy

Question 7

What happened to Darnley?

Answer 7

He fell ill and Mary nursed him in a home
She left for a wedding and the house blew up, Darnley had been strangled
They accused Lord bothwell, a man Mary was also friendly with

Question 8

What happened to Lord Bothwell?

Answer 8

Put in trial for killing Lord Darnley
Found not guilty then married Mary QoS 3 months later

Question 9

Why did Protestant Lords rebel against Mary QoS?

Answer 9

She married the man who was accused of murdering her husband 3 months after he was found not guilty
Was the step too far

Question 10

What did the Protestant Lords do after rebelling against Mary QoS?

Answer 10

Locked her in loch leven Leven castle
Forced to abdicate so her Protestant son would be heir

Question 11

How did Mary defy the Protestant lords rebellion?

Answer 11

She fled over England boarder by escaping loch leven castle

Question 12

Why did Mary’s arrival trouble Elizabeth?

Answer 12

She had to decide what to do with her eg free her, send her back
But all those had terrible possible consequences that was a threat to her throne

Question 13

Problem with keeping Mary imprisoned in England?

Answer 13

English Catholics or the Spanish might attempt to free her

Question 14

Problem with sending Mary to France?

Answer 14

She could persuade the French to invade England

Question 15

Problem with announcing mary as her heir to the throne?

Answer 15

She was a Catholic so would be hated by Protestant Scottish and English nobles/ public

Question 16

Problem with helping Mary regain her Scottish throne?

Answer 16

She would anger the Scottish lords whom they had friendly relations with

Question 17

Problem with executing Mary?

Answer 17

English Catholics could rebel
French + Spanish might invade

Question 18

Problem with sending Mary back to Scotland?

Answer 18

They might execute her
And Elizabeth would be responsible for handing over her cousin, monarch and relation to be killed

Question 19

What did Elizabeth decide to do with Mary?

Answer 19

Hold her captive in England

Question 20

What did keeping Mary captive mean for Elizabeth?

Answer 20

English Catholics were dissatisfied
They wanted Mary to be announced heir
Thus fuelling later plots to replace Elizabeth with Mary

Question 21

Catholic threats to Elizabeth?

Answer 21

Rebellion of northern earls
Papal Bull (excommunication)
Ridolfi plot
Thockmorton plot
Babington plot

Question 22

What caused the rebellion of the northern earls?

Answer 22

Duke of Norfolk was planning to marry mary
Elizabeth forbade this because she learnt of their plot and sent Duke of Norfolk to the tower
She wanted earl of Westmorland and Northumberland to answer to these charges
But they refused and started rebellion anyway

Question 23

What happened during the rebellion of northern earls ?

Answer 23

The earls and 4,600 Catholics stormed a cathedral
Held mass
Ripped up English prayer books
But then had to retreat to Scotland as Elizabeth’s troops began to charge towards them

Question 24

What was the papal bull?

Answer 24

Pope published a letter excommunicating Elizabeth
And called for all Catholics in England to remove Elizabeth from the throne

Question 25

What happened after the papal bull was published?

Answer 25

Catholics had been released from oath of supremacy to Elizabeth: permission for rebellion + mission to convert others
However Elizabeth passed the treason act that made it treasonable offence to publish the papal bull and death sentence for those who tried to convert others

Question 26

What happened during the ridolfi plot?

Answer 26

Italian merchant named ridolfi came up with it
Spanish army would help English Catholics overthrow Elizabeth
Mary would marry Duke of Norfolk and make England Catholic again

Question 27

What happened after the ridolfi plot?

Answer 27

Walsingham and Cecil uncovered it
Ridolfi was exiled from the country
And Duke of Norfolk imprisoned

Question 28

Throckmorton plot

Answer 28

Organised by a returning Jesuit named Francis throckmorton
Philip of Spain pay for the French army to free Mary and overthrow Elizabeth
Involved Duke of guise

Question 29

What happened after the Throckmorton plot?

Answer 29

Cecil and Walsingham discovered the plot
Duke of Guise executed
Mary Queen of Scot’s moved to a new house and not allowed to receive letters from anyone

Question 30

Other Catholic threats

Answer 30

William of Orange (Dutch Protestant leader) shot by English Catholics
John Somerville attempted to assassinate Elizabeth
King Philip of Spain began organising the Spanish Armada

Question 31

How did Elizabeth respond to the Catholic threat?

Answer 31

Bond of association = if Elizabeth gets assassinated those involved will still be punished