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History > Nature of crimes > Flashcards

Nature of crimes Flashcards

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1
Q

What changed about crime in medieval England?

A

New Norman laws: for ‘disturbing the king’s peace’
So offences like treason, heresy and blasphemy

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2
Q

Forest laws in medieval England

A

William the Conquerer said:
You can’t cut down trees to burn for fuel
Can’t hunt deer

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3
Q

Scolding in medieval England

A

Swearing in public

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4
Q

Vagrancy in medieval England

A

People wondering around with no homes

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5
Q

Treason in medieval England

A

Not only defying the king, but ‘authority’ in itself
Like wife killing husband

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6
Q

Outlaw gangs in medieval England

A

Types of gangs that would ambush travellers and hide in abandoned villages due to diseases

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7
Q

Heresy in medieval England

A

Spreading false Christian beliefs
Like Lollards challenging Catholic Church

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8
Q

Vagrancy in early modern era

A

As a result of many economic problems many were left homeless
Many laws were passed that criminalised beggars causing an increase= more actions considered crime

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9
Q

Hersey in early modern era

A

As a result of changing religious settlements, the country fluctuated between Catholicism and Protestantism
Some monarchs were more ruthless than others so at points a wider range of acts were considered hersey

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10
Q

Treason in early modern era under Henry VIII

A

Couldn’t write against him, his wife or heirs
Couldn’t have beliefs the king didn’t have
Couldn’t say king was misusing power
Couldn’t stay silent when questioned on authority of king

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11
Q

Unique crimes if industrial England

A

Smuggling
Highway robbery
Pickpocketing

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12
Q

Smuggling in industrial England

A

Secretly importing or exporting goods to avoid paying customs duties
But also to smuggle illegal goods

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13
Q

Why was smuggling a big crime in industrial England?

A

People didn’t see it as a crime and many saw it as justifiable
Allowed exporters like farmers to make much more money
Insufficient patrolmen meant it was easy

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14
Q

Organisation of smuggling: the venturer

A

Wealthy individual(s) who paid for the operation and made money from profits

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15
Q

Organisation of smuggling: the spotsman

A

Expert who knew where to take ships and avoid capture

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16
Q

Organisation of smuggling: the lander

A

Organised small boats to take goods to the shore from the large boat

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17
Q

Organisation of smuggling: tubmen

A

Did the physical work of carrying the goods

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18
Q

Organisation of smuggling: batsmen

A

Protected the tubsmen from officials

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19
Q

Footpads in industrial England

A

Robbers on the roads who would rob other pedestrians

20
Q

High way robbery in industrial England

A

People on horses robbing people on the roads (carriages) with guns
Could result in murder

21
Q

Why was there a growth in highway robbery in industrial England?

A

Not policed roads
More people travelled on the roads as they were improved = more opportunities
Demobbed soldiers trained in guns turned to this
More people carried their wealth
Guns easier available

22
Q

Why did highway robbery begin to decrease?

A

Taverns where they stayed were shut
Better policing
Using bank notes rather than cash
More buildings meant harder to rob

23
Q

Pickpocketing in industrial England

A

The most common type of petty theft during this era

24
Q

Pickpocketing: buzzers

A

Stole handkerchiefs from men’s pockets

25
Q

Pickpocketing: thimble screwers

A

Stole pocket watches from chains

26
Q

Pickpocketing: prop nailers

A

Stole pins and brooches from women

27
Q

Pickpocketing: till friskers

A

Emptied tills of cash when shopkeeper was distracted

28
Q

Pickpocketing: drag sneaks

A

Stole luggage from carts

29
Q

Pickpocketing: snoozers

A

Waited in railway hotels to steal passengers property and luggage

30
Q

Riots and protests in industrial era

A

Many workers faced hardships from poverty and unemployment thus caused social unrest

31
Q

Luddites industrial era

A

Workers who lost jobs as factories preferred mass produced goods made by machines.
Began breaking in to factories and destroying said machinery

32
Q

Chartists industrial era

A

Wanted all men over 21 to vote not just the wealthy
Went on rallies and mass marches in town

33
Q

The swing riots industrial era

A

Farmers had low wages but were replaced by threshing machines that they had over winter
So had riots over farmland, burnt hay and smashed machinery

34
Q

Types of crime unique to contemporary era

A

Motor related
Technological related/ internet
Terrorism

35
Q

Types of motor crimes

A

Theft of vehicles
Stealing valuables like money and phones from inside the car
Carjacking
Joyriding

36
Q

Carjacking

A

Stealing the car when the driver is present by forcing them out with a gun

37
Q

Joyriding

A

Driving a car without owners consent

38
Q

Technological crimes that are just advanced versions of old crimes

A

Sexual crimes eg child grooming in chat rooms
Intimidation/ threats on social media
Harassment targeted at someone online
Cyber terrorism

39
Q

New technological crimes that are unique to 20th/21st century

A

Computer virus
Hacking important documents and gaining passwords
Phishing
Copyright/ pirating

40
Q

Terrorism

A

Use of violence and intimidation to obtain political demands

41
Q

Crimes terror groups committed

A

Hijackings
Bombings/ suicide bombs
Hostage taking
Arson/ property damage
Chemical weapon usage
Cyber attacks

42
Q

The troubles 20th century

A

Catholic group IRA wanted to separate Northern Ireland from UK and join rest of Ireland
Caused Protestant groups in Northern Ireland to carry counter attacks

43
Q

Islamist terrorist groups

A

Groups with extremist Islamic beliefs
Associated with groups like al-quaeda

44
Q

Far right terror groups

A

Hold extreme right beliefs like racial purity, misogyny and eugenics
Want a dictatorship in uk

45
Q

Types of crime consistent across time periods

A

Stealing but has changed in different ways
Types of vagrants in early modern era
Highwaymen and pickpocketing in industrial era
Motor related theft/ data theft in Contemporary era

History (36 decks)

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