Nature of crimes

Question 1

What changed about crime in medieval England?

Answer 1

New Norman laws: for ‘disturbing the king’s peace’
So offences like treason, heresy and blasphemy

Question 2

Forest laws in medieval England

Answer 2

William the Conquerer said:
You can’t cut down trees to burn for fuel
Can’t hunt deer

Question 3

Scolding in medieval England

Answer 3

Swearing in public

Question 4

Vagrancy in medieval England

Answer 4

People wondering around with no homes

Question 5

Treason in medieval England

Answer 5

Not only defying the king, but ‘authority’ in itself
Like wife killing husband

Question 6

Outlaw gangs in medieval England

Answer 6

Types of gangs that would ambush travellers and hide in abandoned villages due to diseases

Question 7

Heresy in medieval England

Answer 7

Spreading false Christian beliefs
Like Lollards challenging Catholic Church

Question 8

Vagrancy in early modern era

Answer 8

As a result of many economic problems many were left homeless
Many laws were passed that criminalised beggars causing an increase= more actions considered crime

Question 9

Hersey in early modern era

Answer 9

As a result of changing religious settlements, the country fluctuated between Catholicism and Protestantism
Some monarchs were more ruthless than others so at points a wider range of acts were considered hersey

Question 10

Treason in early modern era under Henry VIII

Answer 10

Couldn’t write against him, his wife or heirs
Couldn’t have beliefs the king didn’t have
Couldn’t say king was misusing power
Couldn’t stay silent when questioned on authority of king

Question 11

Unique crimes if industrial England

Answer 11

Smuggling
Highway robbery
Pickpocketing

Question 12

Smuggling in industrial England

Answer 12

Secretly importing or exporting goods to avoid paying customs duties
But also to smuggle illegal goods

Question 13

Why was smuggling a big crime in industrial England?

Answer 13

People didn’t see it as a crime and many saw it as justifiable
Allowed exporters like farmers to make much more money
Insufficient patrolmen meant it was easy

Question 14

Organisation of smuggling: the venturer

Answer 14

Wealthy individual(s) who paid for the operation and made money from profits

Question 15

Organisation of smuggling: the spotsman

Answer 15

Expert who knew where to take ships and avoid capture

Question 16

Organisation of smuggling: the lander

Answer 16

Organised small boats to take goods to the shore from the large boat

Question 17

Organisation of smuggling: tubmen

Answer 17

Did the physical work of carrying the goods

Question 18

Organisation of smuggling: batsmen

Answer 18

Protected the tubsmen from officials

Question 19

Footpads in industrial England

Answer 19

Robbers on the roads who would rob other pedestrians

Question 20

High way robbery in industrial England

Answer 20

People on horses robbing people on the roads (carriages) with guns
Could result in murder

Question 21

Why was there a growth in highway robbery in industrial England?

Answer 21

Not policed roads
More people travelled on the roads as they were improved = more opportunities
Demobbed soldiers trained in guns turned to this
More people carried their wealth
Guns easier available

Question 22

Why did highway robbery begin to decrease?

Answer 22

Taverns where they stayed were shut
Better policing
Using bank notes rather than cash
More buildings meant harder to rob

Question 23

Pickpocketing in industrial England

Answer 23

The most common type of petty theft during this era

Question 24

Pickpocketing: buzzers

Answer 24

Stole handkerchiefs from men’s pockets

Question 25

Pickpocketing: thimble screwers

Answer 25

Stole pocket watches from chains

Question 26

Pickpocketing: prop nailers

Answer 26

Stole pins and brooches from women

Question 27

Pickpocketing: till friskers

Answer 27

Emptied tills of cash when shopkeeper was distracted

Question 28

Pickpocketing: drag sneaks

Answer 28

Stole luggage from carts

Question 29

Pickpocketing: snoozers

Answer 29

Waited in railway hotels to steal passengers property and luggage

Question 30

Riots and protests in industrial era

Answer 30

Many workers faced hardships from poverty and unemployment thus caused social unrest

Question 31

Luddites industrial era

Answer 31

Workers who lost jobs as factories preferred mass produced goods made by machines. Began breaking in to factories and destroying said machinery

Question 32

Chartists industrial era

Answer 32

Wanted all men over 21 to vote not just the wealthy Went on rallies and mass marches in town

Question 33

The swing riots industrial era

Answer 33

Farmers had low wages but were replaced by threshing machines that they had over winter So had riots over farmland, burnt hay and smashed machinery

Question 34

Types of crime unique to contemporary era

Answer 34

Motor related Technological related/ internet Terrorism

Question 35

Types of motor crimes

Answer 35

Theft of vehicles Stealing valuables like money and phones from inside the car Carjacking Joyriding

Question 36

Carjacking

Answer 36

Stealing the car when the driver is present by forcing them out with a gun

Question 37

Joyriding

Answer 37

Driving a car without owners consent

Question 38

Technological crimes that are just advanced versions of old crimes

Answer 38

Sexual crimes eg child grooming in chat rooms Intimidation/ threats on social media Harassment targeted at someone online Cyber terrorism

Question 39

New technological crimes that are unique to 20th/21st century

Answer 39

Computer virus Hacking important documents and gaining passwords Phishing Copyright/ pirating

Question 40

Terrorism

Answer 40

Use of violence and intimidation to obtain political demands

Question 41

Crimes terror groups committed

Answer 41

Hijackings Bombings/ suicide bombs Hostage taking Arson/ property damage Chemical weapon usage Cyber attacks

Question 42

The troubles 20th century

Answer 42

Catholic group IRA wanted to separate Northern Ireland from UK and join rest of Ireland Caused Protestant groups in Northern Ireland to carry counter attacks

Question 43

Islamist terrorist groups

Answer 43

Groups with extremist Islamic beliefs Associated with groups like al-quaeda

Question 44

Far right terror groups

Answer 44

Hold extreme right beliefs like racial purity, misogyny and eugenics Want a dictatorship in uk

Question 45

Types of crime consistent across time periods

Answer 45

Stealing but has changed in different ways Types of vagrants in early modern era Highwaymen and pickpocketing in industrial era Motor related theft/ data theft in Contemporary era