Nazi rise to power

Question 1

What was the Nazi party like before Hitler?

Answer 1

Founded in 1919 by Anton drexler
German workers party (DAP)

Question 2

How did Hitler join the Nazi party?

Answer 2

He was employed to observe them by government to make sure no political unrest
Found he agreed with what they said + practiced public speaking that impressed Drexler

Question 3

What was Hitler’s first job in the Nazi party?

Answer 3

Head of propaganda and recruitment

Question 4

The 25 point programme

Answer 4

Shortly after Hitler joined him and drexler wrote up the 25 point programme:
-segregation of Jews + foreigners
-abolition of TOV
-unite Germans and make space for aryan race

Question 5

How did early Nazi party try to appeal to others?

Answer 5

Changing name to say socialist
Public newspaper
Swastika for their logo + salute
Own private army (SA)
Fuhrer title created idea he was saviour of germany

Question 6

What was the Nazis public newspaper called?

Answer 6

The Volkisher Beobachter (‘People’s Observer’)

Question 7

Fuhrerprinzip

Answer 7

Hitler’s idea of him being fuhr and the saviour of Germany in spite of the depression
The cult like qualities the Nazi party + supporters adopted

Question 8

Introduction of the SA

Answer 8

1921
The protection squad to intimidate political opponents by going up to meetings and attacking them + guarding key members

Question 9

The Munich Putsch

Answer 9

When Hitler believed he and the Nazi party could overthrow the government in 1923 like Mussolini
So attempted Bavarian gov takeover at a meeting in a beer hall

Question 10

Result of the Munich putsch

Answer 10

Original plan failed as Bavarian government don’t support him
Continues anyway but overpowered by the police force
Gets arrested + Nazi party banned

Question 11

What happened during Hitler’s arrest and trial?

Answer 11

Used the trial as a way to spread his political ideas
Treated leniently: prison (a nicer version)

Question 12

What did Hitler do In prison?

Answer 12

Write the book Mein Kampf

Question 13

What were Hitler’s ideas in mein kampf?

Answer 13

Abolition of TOV
Segregation and elimination of Jews
Volksgemeinschaft
Lebensbraum

Question 14

Volksgemeinschaft

Answer 14

Hitler’s idea of ‘People’s community’
where only the Aryan race would dominate yet their interests were tied strictly to the state not as individuals

Question 15

Lebensraum

Answer 15

Hitler’s idea that they must create a unified German state with all Germans
And thus they needed more space to do so

Question 16

Consequences of the Munich Putsch

Answer 16

Nazi party banned
Newspaper (people’s observer) banned
Hitler in prison

Question 17

After the Nazi party were set up once again, what did hitler do?

Answer 17

He realised he’d have to take power democratically
Bamburg conference = appointed new leaders
Set up the youth and student quarters
Set up the SS

Question 18

How did the wall street crash help Hitler?

Answer 18

Created a policial environment where people are more inclined to support his ideas

Question 19

Wall Street crash impact on germany

Answer 19

USA called loans
Decrease in international trading
German government loses money
German industries lose funding
Less production
Laid off workers

Question 20

What caused the depression in Germany?

Answer 20

USA calls in loans
German industry loses funding = less production = lays off workers
People spend less = demand falls
Industry loses more money = cycle continues

Question 21

Effect of the unemployment and poverty

Answer 21

Many citizens lost faith in Weimar
Many now looked to extreme parties ie communist, Nazis
Weimar increased spending on benefits

Question 22

How did Hitler use the Great Depression to his advantage?

Answer 22

Targeted his propaganda at the lower classes, the hardest hit by depression
Many looked for ways out, that Hitler offered like a cult leader as Fuhr

Question 23

What happened on September 1930 election?

Answer 23

Brüning won with central party being the biggest
But he didn’t have a majority so Hindenburg used article 48
but a breakthrough for nazis

Question 24

What happens 1932 election?

Answer 24

Nazi party biggest party so in theory Hitler would become chancellor
But Hindenburg doesn’t want that

Question 25

Von papen- Von Schleicher drama

Answer 25

Von papen original chancellor
Gets replaced by Von Schleicher as Hindenburg doesn’t want to make Hitler chancellor
Papen tells Hindenburg to make a coalition gov to be able to control Hitler which is what happens

Question 26

When does Hitler become chancellor?

Answer 26

January 1933

Question 27

Who were most inclined to support Nazis?

Answer 27

Wealthy business
Middle class
Nationalists
Rural areas
Maybe workers

Question 28

Why were wealthy businessmen inclined to support Nazis?

Answer 28

Scared by increase in communists who wanted to change political landscape
So supported their polar opposite

Question 29

Why were the middle class inclined to support Nazis?

Answer 29

Saw how democracy failed Germany after depression
Wanted a stronger saviour of Germany - Fuher cult

Question 30

Why were nationalists inclined to support Hitler?

Answer 30

Hitler shared same views of vigorous loyalty to Germany
Agreed with policy of Lebensraum and that TOV had ruined Germany

Question 31

Why were workers inclined to support Hitler?

Answer 31

Many unemployed following the depression
So desperate for a saviour of Germany - more vulnerable to cult like mentality of Fuhrer cult

Question 32

Themes in Nazi propaganda

Answer 32

Fuhrer cult = Hitler was the saviour of germany and had a cult like mentality
Volksgemeinschaft = appealed to nationalists
Scapegoating and dehumanising Jews = indoctrinate racist beliefs