Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Systems: Cardiovascualar AB > The Cardiac Cycle > Flashcards

The Cardiac Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

What are the stages in the cardiac cycle?

A
  • Late diastole
  • Atrial systole
  • Isovolumic ventricular contraction
  • Ventricular ejection
  • Isovolumic ventricular relaxation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Late diastole phase

A

Both sets of chambers are relaxed and ventricles fill passively

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Atrial systole phase

A

Atrial contraction forces a small amount of additional blood into ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Isovolumic ventricular contraction phase

A

First phase of ventricular contraction pushes AV valves closed but does not create enough pressure to open semilunar valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ventricular ejection phase

A

As ventricular pressure rises and exceeds pressure in the arteries , the semilunar valves open and blood is ejected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Isovolumic ventricular relaxation phase

A

As ventricles relax, pressure in ventricles falls, blood flows back into cusps of semilunar valves and snaps them closed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the P wave correspond to?

A

Atrial depolarisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens to the pressures and volumes in the heart as the P wave occurs?

A
  • Atria contracts causing increase in atrial pressure
  • This is late diastole and the last bit of blood is forced into the ventricle.
  • This increases ventricular volume and ventricular pressure slightly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the QRS complex correspond to?

A

Ventricular depolarisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What occurs alongside the R in the QRS complex?

A

Mitral valve closes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What occurs alongside the S of the QRS complex?

A

Aortic valve opens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What takes place between the R and the S of the QRS complex?

A

Isovolumetric contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Isolvolumetric contraction

A
  • Contraction of the ventricle occurring when all valves are shut
  • This results in an increase in ventricular pressure but the ventricular volume remains constant
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When does the aortic valve open?

A

When the pressure in the ventricle exceeds the pressure in the aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the dicrotic notch?

A

A small drop in aortic pressure coinciding with the closure of the aortic valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Why does aortic pressure not continue to fall at the same rate following the dicrotic notch?

A

Blood cannot flow back into the ventricle but there is now a struggle to force the blood through the arterioles

17
Q

What occurs between the aortic valve closing and the mitral valve opening?

A

-Isovolumetric relaxation

18
Q

Isovolumetric relaxation

A
  • Relaxation of the ventricle occurring when all the valves are shut
  • Results in a decrease in ventricular pressure while the ventricular volume remains constant
19
Q

What does the T wave correspond with?

A

Ventricular repolarisation

20
Q

What happens to the pressures and volumes in the heart while the T wave occurs?

A
  • Decrease in ventricular volume
  • Decrease in ventricular pressure
  • Increase in aortic pressure
21
Q

What does the 1st heard sound coincide with?

A

Closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves

22
Q

What does the 2nd heart sound coincide with?

A

Closure of the aortic and pulmonary valves

23
Q

EDV

A

The volume in the ventricle at the end of diastole

24
Q

ESV

A

The volume in the ventricle at the end of systole

25
Q

SV

A

The volume of blood expelled by the ventricle in 1 contraction

26
Q

Systolic pressure

A

The maximum pressure reached by the ventricle and aorta

27
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

The minimum pressure reached by the aorta

28
Q

Ejection fraction

A

SV/EDV

29
Q

What should the ejection fraction be?

A

About 2/3

30
Q

Pulse pressure

A

Difference between the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure?

31
Q

What murmurs are heard after the 1st heart sound?

A
  • Aortic stenosis

- Mitral regurgitation

32
Q

What murmurs are heard after the 2nd heart sound?

A
  • Mitral stenosis

- Aortic regurgitation

33
Q

When would it be most likely for stenosis and regurgitation murmurs to occur together?

A

Septal defect

34
Q

What does the a wave represent in regards to atrial pressure?

A

Increase in pressure due to atrial depolarisation and consequent contraction

35
Q

What does the c wave represent in regards to atrial pressure?

A

-Increase in pressure due to mitral valve bulging into the atrium during the isovolumetric contraction of the ventricle

36
Q

What does the v wave represent in regards to atrial pressure?

A

Increase in pressure due to the atrium filling while the mitral valve is closed

Systems: Cardiovascualar AB (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions