Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Systems: Cardiovascualar AB > Short Term Control of Blood Pressure > Flashcards

Short Term Control of Blood Pressure Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most essential equation in cardio?

A

MAP= CO x TPR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the driving force pushing blood through the circulation?

A

MAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Why does MAP have to regulated?

A
  • Too low= syncope

- Too high= hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where are the baroreceptors located?

A
  • Aortic arch

- Internal carotid arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are baroreceptors?

A

Stretch receptors which detect changes in pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does MAP affect baroreceptors?

A
  • Low MAP will cause a short burst of action potentials
  • Elevated MAP will cause APs to be fired in quick succession as the vessels will be constantly stretched and therefore the receptors will constantly be sending signals
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What nerve do impulses from the baroreceptor on the aortic arch go via?

A

Vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What nerve do impulses from the carotid sinus baroreceptors go via?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What area of the brain are impulses from the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves received?

A

Medullary cardiovascular centres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What effect do sympathetic nerves have on the sinoatrial node?

A

Increases heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What effect do parasympathetic nerves have on the sinoatrial nerve?

A

Decrease heart rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What effect do sympathetic nerves have on blood vessels?

A

Vasocnstriction and arteriolar constriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What happens if veins are constricted?

A

Increase preload

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What happens if arterioles are constricted?

A

Increase TPR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What effect do sympathetic nerves have in the ventricles?

A
  • Increases strength of contraction
  • Increases conduction velocity
  • Increase stroke volume
  • Increase cardiac output
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What other inputs to the medullary cardiovascular centres are there?

A
  • Cardiopulmonary baroreceptors
  • Central chemoreceptors
  • Chemoreceptors in muscle
  • Joint receptors
  • Higher centres
17
Q

Why do central chemoreceptors affect the CV system?

A

If there is more oxygen in the blood the body will respond in order to get it through systemic circulation quicker

18
Q

What do muscular chemoreceptors respond to?

A

Physical activity

19
Q

What do joint receptors respond to?

A

Physical activity

20
Q

How will exercise affect MAP?

A

Increase

21
Q

What are central chemoreceptors, chemoreceptors in muscle and joint receptors forms of?

A

Negative feedback control

22
Q

How are higher centres involved in the CV system?

A

They anticipate change and respond with feed forward controls

23
Q

What does regulation of blood pressure in the long term revolve around?

A

Blood volume

24
Q

What are the main sensors in the regulation of blood pressure in the long term?

A

Cardio-pulmonary baroreceptors

25
Q

What are most of the effects of the cardio-pulmonary baroreceptors controlled by?

A

Hormones

26
Q

What do the hormones stimulated by the cardio-pulmonary baroreceptors act on?

A

Blood vessels and the kidneys

27
Q

What are the effects of standing up?

A

Increased hydrostatic pressure causes pooling of blood in veins/venules of feet and legs

28
Q

What do the effects of standing up cause?

A
  • Decreased VR
  • Decreased EDV
  • Decreased preload
  • Decreased SV
  • Decreased CO
  • Decreased MAP
  • Decreased baroreceptor firing rate
29
Q

What 2 effects does the reflect response exhibit?

A
  • Decreased vagal tone

- Increased sympathetic tone

30
Q

What are the effects of decreased vagal tone?

A
  • Increased heart rate

- Increased CO

31
Q

What are the effects of increased sympathetic tone?

A
  • Increased heart rate and CO
  • Increased contractility, SV and CO
  • Increased venoconstriction, VR, EDV, SV and CO
  • Increased arteriolar constriction and TPR
32
Q

What is the Valsalva manoeuvre?

A

Forced expiration against a closed glottis

33
Q

What is the purpose of the Valsalva manoeuvre?

A

To increase pressure in the thorax and abdomen

34
Q

What a change in thoracic pressure transmitted through in the Valsalva manoeuvre?

A

Aorta

35
Q

What does an increase in thoracic pressure?

A

Decreased

  • VR
  • EDV
  • SV
  • CO
  • MAP
36
Q

What detects a decrease in MAP?

A

Baroreceptors

37
Q

What reflex do the baroreceptors initiate?

A

Increased CO and TPR

38
Q

How is normal restored in the Valsalva manoeuvre?

A

VR is restored so SV increases

Systems: Cardiovascualar AB (42 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions