The ankle joint Flashcards
What is the ankle joint?
A synovial joint located in the lower limb, consists of the tibia, fibula and talus. It is a hinge joint permitting plantarflexion and dorsifelcion of the foot`
What are the articulating surfaces of the ankle joint?
Tubia, fibula and tlus, held together by strong tibiofibular ligaments. Together they form a bracket shaped socket covered in hyaline cartilage called the mortise
What are the ligaments from the medial malleolus that hold the ankle joint together?
Deltoid ligament consists of four ligamnets which fan out from the medial aspect of the distal tibia. They attach to the talus, calcanues and navicual bones stopping over-eversion of the foot
What are the ligaments originating from the lateral melleolus that hold the ankle joint in place?
Anterior talofibular- spand between lateral malleolus and lateral aspect of the talus
Posterior talofibular- spans between the lateral malloelus and the posterior aspect of the talus
Calcaneofibular- spans between lateral malleolus and the calcaneus
What is the arterial supply of the ankle?
What is the nervous supply?
Malleolar branches of the anterior tibial, posterior tibial and fibular arteries
Tibial, superfifical fibular and deep fibular nerves
What movements occur at the ankle?
Dorsiflexion
Plantarflexion
What muscles cause plantarflexion
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, posterior tibialis
posterior compartment muscles
What muscles cause dorsiflexion?
Tibialis anterior, extensor hallicus longus, extenso digitorum longus
(anterior compartment muscles)
What is an ankle sprain?
Partial or complete tear to the ligaments of the ankle joint. Usually occurs via excessive plantar inversion to a plantarflexed foot. Lateral ligament more commonly damaged because:
weaker than medial
resists inversion
Anterior talofibular ligament is most at risk of irreversible damage
