Textbook Chapter 20 Flashcards
Anemia
Decreased hemoglobin commonly resulting from anorexia and decreased food intake, chronic bleeding with iron loss, and bone marrow depression.
Antineoplastic
Antineoplastic drugs are medications used to treat cancer. Other names for antineoplastic drugs are anticancer, chemotherapy, chemo, cytotoxic, or hazardous drugs. These drugs come in many forms, including liquids or pills.
Atypical
Abnormal or immature cells
Biopsy
Examinations used to evaluate suspicious masses
Chromosomes
a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
Cytologic
Cytologic is the exam of a single cell type, as often found in fluid specimens. It’s mainly used to diagnose or screen for cancer.
Differentiatioin
Processes by which immature cells become mature cells with specific functions
Genomic Tumor Assessment
Identifies genetic mutations that are independent of heredity but only occur with the disease itself
Infiltrate
Cancer that has spread beyond the layer of tissue in which it developed and is growing into surrounding, healthy tissues
Metastisis
Spread to distant sites by blood or lymphatic channels
Micrometasteses
A metastatic tumor that is too small to be identified in a scan.
Nadir
Point of the lowest cell count. If count is too low, treatment may need to be postpones, and antibiotics or hospitalization may be required
Oncology
Deals with the study of cancer, including diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
Palliative
Intended to reduce the manifestations and complications related to the cancer and to prolong life. Ex. decreasing the size of a tumor may decrease pressure on a nerve relieving pain
Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs.
Prognosis
The likely course of a disease or ailment
Prophylactic
Preventative treatment
Radiofrequency Ablation
Alternative to surgery for small single tumors in the lungs or liver. Less invasive, easier for patient to tolerate, and does no require entire loss of the lobe.
Radiosotopes
May be used during procedure to trace metabolic pathways and assess function
Recurrence
Cancer that has recurred (come back), usually after a period of time during which the cancer could not be detected.
Remission
No clinical signs, signs and symptoms of cancer are reduced
Seeding
The spread of cancer cells in body fluids or along membranes
Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytopenia means you have fewer than 150,000 platelets per microliter of circulating blood
Total Parenteral Nutrition
Administration of nutrient mixture directly into a peripheral vein
Leukopenia
Leukopenia is a condition where the body doesn’t have enough disease-fighting leukocytes in the blood.
Benign Tumors
Relatively normal cells, slow expanding, frequently encapsulated, rare systemic effects, and only life threatening in certain locations such as the brain
Malignant Tumors
Abnormal cells with irregular shape with large nuclei, rapid growth, no capsule and infiltrate tissue or metastasizes to distant sites through blood or lymph vessels.
