Testicular & Penile Cancer Flashcards
what group of people is testicular cancer most common in
men, 20-45, white caucasians,
what are the risk factors for developing testicular cancer
previous testicular cancer, cryptorchidism, HIV, FH
what are the different general histological types of testicular cancer
seminoma, non-seminomatous, mixed germ cell tumour
90% germ cells
describe the clinical presentation of testicular cancer
scrotal lump, often delayed presentation, acute pain and bleeding(5%)
what are the symptoms of advanced disease in testicular cancer
weight loss, neck lumps, chest symptoms, bone pain
what is seen on examination of testicular cancer
asymmetry, slight discolouration, hard, non-tender, irregular mass, maybe secondary hydrocele
what is seen on examination of testicular cancer in advanced disease
abdo mass, lymphadenopathy
what investigations are are used for testicular cancer
USS, CT, serum tumour markers, FBC, LFTs, renal function tests
what is the treatment for testicular cancer
radical inguinal orchidectomy, offer sperm preservation and re-check tumour markers 1 week post-op
what different types of cancer can penile cancer be
squamous cell carcinoma(95%), Kaposi’s sarcoma, BCC, melanoma
(its a skin cancer)
what are the risk factors for developing penile cancer
50-60, chronic inflammation, HPV, smoking, immunocomprimise
what are the main sites of penile cancer
glans(48%), prepuce(21%), glans and prepuce(9%)
describe the presentation of penile cancer
often delayed presentation, hard painless lump, rarely urinary retention or groin mass
what investigations are used for testicular cancer
MRI for tumour depth, CT for advanced disease to assess spread
what treatment is used for prepucial lesion penile cancer
circumcision
