Glomerulonephritis Flashcards
what are the 2 types of glomerulonephritis(GN)
chronic(more common), or acute
what is GN
an autoimmune disease of the glomeruli of the kidneys
describe the pathogenesis of GN
humoral(antibody-mediated) deposition of circulating immune complexes, in the glomerulus
what can result from GN disruption of the glomerular barrier/filtration
haematuria and/or proteinuria
what determines the clinical presentation of GN
the site and type of injury to the glomerular barrier/filtration system
describe the presentation of GN seen with damage to endothelial or mesangial cells
PROLIFERATIVE lesions and red cells in urine
describe the presentation of GN seen with damage to podocytes
NON-proliferative lesion and protein in urine
describe what happens when podocytes are damaged in GN
they atrophy, resulting in loss of size/charge from the barrier which allows proteins to enter the urine
describe what happens when mesangial cells and endothelial cells are damaged in GN
mesangial = proliferate, release Ang II, inflammatory markers, which attracts WBCs(haematuria) endothelial = causes vasculitis
what clinical presentations can be seen in GN
haematuria, proteinuria, impaired renal function, hypertension, nephrotic and nephritic syndrome
what type of GN are nephritic and nephrotic syndrome associated with
nephritic = proliferative (endothelial/mesangial) nephrotic = non-proliferative(podocytes)
what clinical features are seen with nephritic syndrome
acute renal failure, oliguria, oedema, hypertension, active urinary sediment
what clinical features are seen with nephrotic syndrome
proteinuria, oedema, hypercholesterolaemia, usual normal renal function
