Testicular Function Flashcards
2 major functions of reproduction?
- Gametogenesis
2. Hormone secretion
where does spermatogenesis occur?
sertoli cells in seminiferous tubules
Where is testosterone secreted?
Leydig cells in interstitial tissue
Where is estrogen and progesterone secreted?
theca cells
granulosa cells
what is Parturition?
labour and delivery
Meiosis produces 3 things:
primary gamete
secondary gamete
haploid gamete
Spermatogenesis mitotic daughter cell fates?
- one is kept for germ line
2. other moved toward lumen for Spermatogenesis
order of Spermatogenesis names?
spermatogonium spermatogonia primary spermatocyte first meiotic secondary spermatocyte second meiotic spermatids spermatozoa
primary oocytes arrested in?
first meiotic division
what hormones made in testes?
Testosterone
dihydrotestosterone (DHT)
3 places sex steroids are made:
Ovary
Testis
Adrenal glands
Sex steroids: Hypothalamus releases?
GnRH
sex steroids: ant pituitary releases?
LH
FSH
gonads make what kind of peptide hormones?
Inhibin
activin
what do you need to turn testosterone to estradiol?
aromatase
FSH targets what in males?
sertoli cells
LH influences what in males?
testosterone production
what is male short loop feedback?
LH and FSH from ant pituitary -ve feeback to hypothalamus GnRH production
what is male long loop feedback?
steroid or peptide hormones from gonads feedback +ve or -ve to hypothalamus and Ant. pituitary
external factors affecting hypothalamus?
internal and environmental stimuli. eg. stress
3 male accessory glands and ducts?
prostate
seminal vesicle
bulbourethral gland
what happens in the epididymis?
sperm maturation
what happens in the seminiferous tubules?
sperm production
which corpus surrounds the male urethra?
corpus spongiosum
sperm production goes from?
outside towards the lumen of seminiferous tubule
hormone pathway for male sex characteristics:
GnRH LH Leydig cells Testosterone sex characteristics
hormone pathway for spermatocyte maturation
GnRH
LH
sertoli cells
spermatocyte maturation
testosterone effects on nonreproductive actions?
protein anabolism
bone growth
closure of epiphyses
sebaceous gland secretions
What does bulbourethral glands contribute?
mucus for lubricant
what does prostate contribute to semen?
basic buffers, citric acid, enzymes
what does eminial vesciles contribute to semen?
prostaglandins
Fructose
Vitamin C
andropause affects?
~50% of men, still controversial
