Perineum

Question 1

urogenital triangle is?

Answer 1

pubic symphyses to ischial tubs

Question 2

anal triangle?

Answer 2

ischial tubs to coccyx

Question 3

what is located on the lateral sides of anus deep to skin?

Answer 3

ischiorectal fossae, filled with fat

Question 4

peroneal body reinforced by 4 muscles?

Answer 4

2 superficial transverse peroneal muscles

2 deep transverse peroneal muscles

Question 5

where is superficial peroneal pouch?

Answer 5

between skin and fascia

Question 6

where is deep peroneal pouch?

Answer 6

between peroneal membrane and pelvic floor

Question 7

Arteries of Ischiorectal fossa:
upper 2/3
lower 1/3?

Answer 7

upper 2/3: superior rectal artery

lower 1/3: inferior rectal

Question 8

veins of Ischiorectal fossa drain?
upper 2/3
lower 1/3?

Answer 8

upper 2/3: portal

lower 1/3: systemic

Question 9

nerves of Ischiorectal fossa:
upper 2/3
lower 1/3?

Answer 9

upper 2/3: autonomic

lower 1/3: somatic (pudendal)

Question 10

what is in Alcock’s canal?

Answer 10

pudendal nerve

internal pudendal vessels

Question 11

2 anal sphincters?

Answer 11

internal: autonomic
external: somatic

Question 12

3 parts of external anal sphincter?

Answer 12

1. deep: fuses to puborectalis sling(pelvic floor)
2. superficial: fixed ant: peroneal body, post: coccyx
3. subcutaneous: flat circular band deep to skin

Question 13

importance of peroneal body?

Answer 13

anchor for all sphincteric, genitourinary and anal structures

Question 14

what is located in deep peroneal pouches?

Answer 14

all sphincters

Question 15

what is located in superficial peroneal pouches?

Answer 15

muscles for penis and clitoris

Question 16

male urethral sphincter vs/ female?

Answer 16

male has internal and external

Question 17

4 parts of male urethra?

Answer 17

1. preprostatic
2. prostatic (opening of ejaculatory duct)
3. membranous part (traversing peroneal pouch/membrane)
4. spongy part (in penis)

Question 18

corpus cavernosum in male vs. female?

Answer 18

male: 2 cylinders anchored to perineal membrane
female: part of external genitalia, tip is glans clitoris

Question 19

corpus spongiosium is male vs. female

Answer 19

male: underside of penis
female: underneath labia minora

Question 20

2 muscles of penis?

Answer 20

ischiocavernosum

bulbospongiosum

Question 21

pudendal nerve course?

Answer 21

in pelvis on post wall
exits via GSF with piriformus
winds around back of ischial spine
back through LSF
into perineum

Question 22

pudendal nerve carries what from where?

Answer 22

all sensory and parasympathetic from S2-4/sacral plexus

Question 23

pudendal nerve 3 branches:

Answer 23

1. inferior rectal nerves
2. perineal nerve (motor and cutaneous for triangles)
3. dorsal nerve of clitoris/penis