Histology - Female Flashcards

1
Q

ovary attached to?

A

posterior face of broad ligament

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2
Q

Ovary is anchored by 2 ligaments?

A

Ovarian to uterus

Suspensory to pelvic wall

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3
Q

oocytes are where in the ovary?

A

outer cortex of ovary

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4
Q

what is the cortical stroma of the ovary made of?

A

CT

scattered smooth muscles

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5
Q

ovarian surface has what kind of cells?

A

simple epithelium squamous or cuboidal

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6
Q

what is deep to the ovarian surface epithelium?

A

tunica albuginea

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7
Q

70% of ovarian tumours come from which layer?

A

ovarian surface epithelium

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8
Q

how many oocytes at birth?

A

0.5 million

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9
Q

how many oocytes in embryo ovary??

A

5 million

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10
Q

oocyte arrested in?

A

prophase of meiosis 1

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11
Q

primordial oocytes surrounded by?

A

follicle cells surrounded by basal lamina (type IV collagen)

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12
Q

primary oocyte is surrounded by what within follicle cell layer?

A

zona pellucida

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13
Q

enlarging primary oocyte: what happens to follicular cells?

A

become cuboidal, multilayered granulosa cells

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14
Q

what surrounded the granulosa cells in primary oocytes?

A

stromal cells that become theca interna and externa

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15
Q

what happens in secondary follicle? appearance?

A

Antrum forms

suspended on stalk of grnulosa cells

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16
Q

after release of oocyte, what do the granulosa cells form around it?

A

corona radiata

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17
Q

mature follicle callled?

A

Graafian follicle (1cm)

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18
Q

What happens to oocyte under LH surge?

A

complete meiosis 1, becomes secondary oocyte

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19
Q

how is corpus luteum formed?

A

stromal, granulosa and thecal cells invade cavity,

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20
Q

why is corpus luteum yellow?

A

lipid as precursor to sex steroids

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21
Q

expanded opening of fallopian tube?

A

infundibulum

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22
Q

describe the Ampulla of fallopian tube

A

ciliated and mesothelium

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23
Q

describe the isthmus of fallopian tube

A

thicker smooth muscle, smaller lumen, better for peristaltic wave propagation

24
Q

uterine tube secretory?

A

yes secreted nutrients for oocyte

25
Q

fertilisation occurs where? usually remains where for 3 days?

A

ampulla fertilisation

isthmus for 3 days

26
Q

3 layers of uterus?

A
  1. endometrium (mucosa)
  2. myometrium
  3. perimetrium
27
Q

perimetrium made of?

A

mesothelium

elastic CT

28
Q

which of the 3 uterine layer respond to cyclic hormonal changes?

A

myometrium

endometrium

29
Q

3 layers of myometrium: and their direction

A
  1. inner longitudinal
  2. outer longitudial
  3. middle circular and vascular
30
Q

how is myometrium post pregnancy?

A

thickened wall post first preg

31
Q

how does uterus accommodate in preg? 3 ways

A
  1. enlarging individual smooth muscle cells
  2. more smooth muscle cells
  3. increasing CT
32
Q

Endometrium is mixtures of?

A

ciliated

secretory columnar simple epithelium

33
Q

endometrium what layers?

A

functional (sloughed off)

basal (regenerates)

34
Q

endometrium growth driven by?

A

estrogen

35
Q

endometrium secretions contain?

A

mucoid glycogen

36
Q

endocervix cell type?

A

simple columnar, glandular

37
Q

ectocervix cell type?

A

stratified squamous, non glandular

38
Q

vaginal secretions during ovulation come from?

A

endocervix: serous and copious

39
Q

where is the risk of cervical cancer location?

A

transition between simple and stratified squamous epitheliums

40
Q

glands in vagina?

A

Nope. all in cervix and vestibule

41
Q

vagina what kind of cells?

A

non keratinized stratified squamous, mucossa with partly erectile lamina propria

42
Q

most superficial cells in ectocervix and vagina when shed retain?

A

their nuclei

43
Q

what s embedded in dense breast tissue?

A

adipose tissue

multiple mammary glands

44
Q

at puberty what happens to glands?

A

extend and breast enlarges

45
Q

how many mammary glands per breast?

A

15-20

46
Q

what is TDLUs?

A

terminal duct lobular units, where the ducts end up together

47
Q

intralobular breast stroma contains?

A

no adipose

responsive to hormones

48
Q

describe mammary glands in follicular and luteal phase

A

follicular: less dense. cuboidal
luteal: more columnar: some secretions

49
Q

what surrounds the columnar glandular epithelial cels in breast?

A

myoepithelial cells

50
Q

in preg, what happens to mammary glands?

A

large cuboidal epithelial
enlarged breast
terminal ductules elongate and branch

51
Q

Human milk is full of?

A

protein, IgA

52
Q

human milk is low on?

A

lipid and carbohydrate

53
Q

suckling does what reflex?

A

inhibits PIH in hypothalamus
increases oxytocin
squeeze TDLUs

54
Q

mammary gland sinuses do what?

A

stores milk

55
Q

what happens to breasts in menopause?

A

involute as secretory cells disappear