Testicular Disease Flashcards
Testicular peptide hormones are
Follistatin, activins, inhibins
What does follistatin do?
Inactivates both activins and inhibins
Activins are produced where and do what?
Sertoli cells, stimulate FSH beta0-subunit production
Inhibins?
Produced in the seminiferous tubules, suppress FSH
What happens if the seminiferous tubules are injured?
FSH goes up
Hypothalamic dysfunction
low GnRH leads to low LH and FSH
Pituitary disorders
Low LH and or FSH production
Gonadal disorders
failure of testosterone production from Leydig Cells and/or spermatogenesis. LH and FSH will be elevated if there is no feedback
Post gonadal disorder
defects in testosterone receptor function
Normal LH and FSH in the face of low T +
pathologic
Fertile Eunuch syndrome =
LH deficiency
What happens if you are LH deficient?
no T
Hyperprolactinemia
Prolactin drives down GnRH so no LH and FSH
Hemochromatosis
iron in pituitary and testes
Klinefelter’s syndrome
xxy, tall, gynecomastia, eunuchoid, Mental retardation
body never exposed to testosterone
no secondary sex characteristics
Pre-pubertal gonadal failure
small dick, balls, prostate
delayed puberty
long arms and legs
reduced musculaturehigh pitched voice
post pubertal
progressive decrease in muscle mass loss of libido impotence infertilitypoor ability to concentrate hot flashes
LH and FSH are released in what fashion
pulsatile
If you dont release LH and FSH in a pulsatile fashion they have the opposite effect
truth
What’s weird about prolactin
It is always being made unless dopaminergic signaling tells it to stop
What does prolactin do to LH and FSH
turns it off
What is Kollman’s syndrome?
failure to enter puberty and anosmia (can’t smell). Normal LH and FSH with low T
Prader willi
Hyperphagia with obesity, micropenis, small hands and feet
Lawrence Moon
Retinitis Pigementosa and polydactyly
Soft testes? Haven’t seen LH and FSH in a while
ok
