Testicular Cancer Flashcards
who is this common in
20-45 year olds (younger than other malignancies)
risk factors
previous testicular cancer (contralateral)
cryptorchidism
HIV
FH
classification
- seminomatous
2. non-seminomatous
age of seminomatous
35-45
what is seminomatous responsive to?
radiotherapy
appearance of seminomatous
potato appearance
age of non-seminomatous
<35
which class is more aggressive?
non-seminomatous
what is non-seminomatous responsive to?
chemotherapy
types of non-seminomatous
teratoma (3 germ cell layers)
yolk sac
embryonal trophoblast/ choriocarincoma
what do most non-seminomatous produce?
LDH
what does yolk sac produce
AFP
what does trophoblast produce?
beta-HCG
where do normal testis make sperm
seminiferous tubule
what do seminiferous tubules contain?
germ cells
sertoli cells
maturing sperm
what does the interstitium of the testes contain?
leydig cells
what do leydig cells produce?
DHEA that is converted to testosterone
benign lump causes
hernia cystocele hydrocele spermatocele (cystic change in vas) varicocele
presentation of varicocele
varicosities of venous plexus
bag of worms on palpation
presentation of testicular cancer
scrotal lump
pain due to bleeding
if advanced= weight loss, neck lumps, chest symptoms, bone pain
diagnosis
mass, hydrocele
USS CT
bloods for serum tumour markers
management
radical inguinal orchidectomy (sperm preservation) follow up (chemotherapy as adjuvant)
