Myeloma Flashcards
1
Q
define
A
dysproteinaemia that is a cancer of plasma cells (produce antibodies)
2
Q
what does the dysproteinaemia in myeloma cause?
A
collection of abnormal plasma cells accumulate in bone marrow causing impairment of production of normal blood cells
3
Q
the production of what antibody causes renal dysfunction?
A
paraprotein (antibody)
4
Q
presentation
A
bone pain (lytic bone lesions, hypercalcaemia) weakness, fatigue (anaemia) weight loss recurrent infection renal failure
5
Q
classic presentation
A
back pain renal failure (AKI)
6
Q
renal manifestations of myeloma
A
glomerular= AL amyloidosis and Ig deposition Tubular= light chain cast nephropathy miscellaneous= dehydration, hypercalcaemia, contrast, bisphosphonates, NSAIDs
7
Q
diagnosis of myeloma
A
bloods for serum protein electrophoresis and serum light chains
urine for Bence Jones protein
bone marrow biopsy, skeletal survey
renal biopsy
8
Q
management of myeloma
A
chemotherapy and stem cell transplant
stop nephrotoxics and manage hypercalcaemia (saline +/- bisphosphonates)
plasma exchange to remove light chains (supportive= dialysis)
