Test Two gene expression Flashcards
what makes DNA different in each cell
what gene is expressed
what are housekeeping genes
code for proteins that all cells need
what are specialized genes
code for proteins needed for a particular cell type
where are the steps where genes can be controlled
transcriptional control, RNA processing control, RNA transport control, translation control, protein activity control
what are the three parts in transcriptional control
promoter, regulatory DNA sequences, and gene regulatory proteins
what are promoters
sequence for the binding of RNA polymerase
what are regulatory DNA sequences
sites for binding of gene regulatory proteins
what are gene regulatory proteins
bind to the regulatory DNA sequences, used to turn genes on and off
a bacterial operon contains
promotor, operator, and structural gene
where does transcription begin
promoter sequence
what is an operator
regulatory DNA sequence
purpose of the structural gene
codes for the mRNA
what are the two types of operators
repressor operator and activator operator
what are repressor operators
turn genes off when bound to specific protein
what are activator genes
turn genes on when bound to specific protein
what is an example of a repressor operator
tryptophan operator
what is an example were both an activator and repressor operator is used
lac operon
function of lac operon
produces enzymes to breakdown lactose
what is used in transcriptional control in eukaryotes
promoter, enhancers, and structural gene
where is the promoter in eukaryotes
before the structural gene
the promoter in eukaryotes contains what
TATA box
where are enhancers located in eukaryotes
located away from the gene but in multiple locations
what is an enhancer
regulatory DNA sequences used instead of operators
what is difference between eukaryotes structural gene vs prokaryote
eukaryote only has one structural gene per promoter
