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Cell Physiology > Bonds > Flashcards

Bonds Flashcards

1
Q

Reason for bonds

A

atoms want to bind with other atoms to gain a full shell

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2
Q

what are ionic bonds

A

transfer of electrons

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3
Q

when are ionic bonds formed

A

when only one or two electrons are required for stabilization

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4
Q

example of ionic bond

A

sodium chloride

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5
Q

what are covalent bonds

A

sharing of electrons

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6
Q

two different types of covalent bonds

A

polar and non polar

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7
Q

what is a polar covalent bond

A

shared unevenly

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8
Q

what is a nonpolar covalent bond

A

share electrons evenly

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9
Q

what type of bond length do you want in a bond

A

optimal

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10
Q

characteristic of bond length

A

it is the same length for that specific molecule

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11
Q

why are enzymes needed for bonds

A

they can break or form them

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12
Q

what is the strongest bond type

A

covalent

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13
Q

what is the weakest bond type

A

hydrogen

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14
Q

what determines strength for chemical bonds

A

amount of energy to break a bond

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15
Q

single bonds share how many electrons

A

2

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16
Q

double bonds share how many electrons

A

4

17
Q

characteristic of single bond

A

more flexibility, movement, and rotation

18
Q

characteristic of double bond

A

shorter, less flexibility, movement and rotation

19
Q

during polar covalent bond, what is created

A

permanent dipoles

20
Q

what is a hydrogen bonds

A

polar covalent bonds link hydrogen and oxygen in water

21
Q

what bond links water molecules together

A

weak non-covalent bonds, this creates the liquidity of water

22
Q

hydrogen bonds create what type of fit

A

complimentary

23
Q

characteristic of hydrophilic bonds

A

polar bonds, dissolve easily in water

24
Q

example of hydrophilic bonds

A

alcohols, DNA and proteins

25
Q

characteristic of hydrophobic bonds

A

uncharged, do not mix well with water

26
Q

examples of hydrophobic bonds

A

oil, lipids

27
Q

what are the four major molecules in cells

A

sugars, fatty acids, amino acids and nucleotides

28
Q

what is the function of the four major molecules in cells

A

building blocks, energy source, and structural support

29
Q

sugars form what larger molecules

A

polysaccharides

30
Q

fatty acids form what larger molecules

A

fats, lipids, membranes

31
Q

amino acids form what larger molecules

A

proteins

32
Q

nucleotides form what larger molecules

A

nucleic acids

33
Q

polar molecules form what

A

acids and bases

34
Q

characteristic of acids

A

release protons to become hydronium ion (H30+)

35
Q

example of strong acids

A

HCl

36
Q

example of weak acid

A

acetic acid

37
Q

characteristic of bases

A

accept protons and creates -OH molecule

38
Q

example of strong base

A

NaOH

39
Q

example of weak base

A

ammonium

Cell Physiology (16 decks)

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