test questions wk 2

Question 1

A rarely performed contrast study in small animal radiology

a. thoracic cavity infusion
b. lacrimal duct contrast study
c. laryngeal contrast instillation
d. none of the above

Answer 1

d. none of the above

Question 2

Myelography is primarily used to diagnose

a. spinal cord bleeding
b. spinal cord compression
c. spinal cord necrosis
d. brain circularoty disorders

Answer 2

b. spinal cord compression

Question 3

In myelography, a contrast agebt is injected into which of the following space

Answer 3

Subarchnoid

Question 4

In the study of megaesophagus one of the following methods is NOT used

a. survey radiographs
b. barium sulfate paste swallow
c. carbon-dioxide inflation
d. feeding barium sulfate mixed with pet food

Answer 4

c. carbon-dioxide inflation

Question 5

When is liquid barium sulfate entirely emptied from the stomach following per os administration in a healthy dog?

a. after 1 hour
b. after 4 hours
c. after 12 hours
d. after 24 hours

Answer 5

b. after 4 hours

Question 6

Which of the following retrograde contrast studies is NOT performed in dogs?

a. positive contrast cystography
b. negative contrast cystography
c. positive contrast urethrography
d. negative contrast urethrography

Answer 6

d. negative contrast urethrography

Question 7

Which statement is false regarding the radiography of intestinal obstructions?
a. the obturating object and the distended proximal intestinal loops may be seen on the
radiograph at the same time
b.the obturating object may be seen without secondary X-ray signs on the radiograph
c. in certain cases the radiographic finding may be unreliable
d. contrast study is used in every case to make the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction

Answer 7

d. contrast study is used in every case to make the diagnosis of intestinal obstruction

Question 8

Which statement is not true? |In carnivores the homogenous abdomen:

a. may suggest abdominal effusion
b. is normal in young animals
c. is normal in cachectic animals
d. is normal in obese patients

Answer 8

d. is normal in obese patients

Question 9

Which statement is true? In case of an intestinal obstruction

a. the use of barium sulfate is contraindicated
b. unevenly the standard intestinal loops are always visible
c. the radiograph can be completely normal
d. the gas filled stomach is pathognostic

Answer 9

c. the radiograph can be completely normal

Question 10

Which contrast can be used to examine the urethra?

a. Liquid BaSO4
b. powder BaSO4
c. organic iodine compound
d. inorganic iodine compound

Answer 10

Don’t know? either c or d

Question 11

In case of a tracheal hypoplasia the diameter of the trachea is less than

a. the 1/3 of the length of the third rib
b. the 20% of the thoracic inlet
c. the double of the length of the second lumbar vertebra
d. one intercostal space

Answer 11

b. the 20% of the thoracic inlet

Question 12

Which of the following is typical for tracheal hypoplasia?

a. the entire trachea is narrower than normal
b. the trachea is narrowed in the thoracic inlet
c. the respiratory phase has an influence on the diameter of the trachea
d. the narrow portion is generally located inside the chest

Answer 12

a. the entire trachea is narrower than normal

Question 13

In which condition can we see the tracheal wall separated from the neighboring tissues? a. pneumothorax

b. pleural effusion
c. pneumomediastinum
d. negative bronchogram

Answer 13

c. pneumomediastinum

Question 14

Which statement is true for the feline esophagus?

a. The caudal 1/3 on the survey radiograph shows herring bone pattern
b. the cranial 1/3 on the contrast radiograph shows herring bone pattern
c. the cranial 1/3 on the survey radiograph shows herring bone pattern
d. the caudal 1/3 on the contrast radiograph shows herring bone pattern

Answer 14

d. the caudal 1/3 on the contrast radiograph shows herring bone pattern

Question 15

What is the basic structure of the pulmonary pattern?

a. Bronchi
b. Pulmonary vessels
c. Alveoli
d. none of them

Answer 15

not sure but c

Question 16

A Vertebral Heart Scale

a. describes the length of the vertebrae
b. describes the size of the heart
c. can be measured on the VD thoracic radiograph
d. can be measured on the LL lumbar spine radiograph

Answer 16

b. describes the size of the heart

Question 17

Which statement is not true for the tracheal collapse?

a. Its radiographic appearance is influenced by the respiratory phase.
b. The entire trachea is affected.
c. Its cause is the softening of the tracheal C-cartilage.
d. Toy breeds are affected.

Answer 17

b. The entire trachea is affected.

Question 18

Which statement is true? On a lateral chest radiograph…

a. the left ventricle is located cranioventrally.
b. the left atrium is located caudodorsally
c. the right ventricle is located craniodorsally
d. the right atrium is located caudoventrally

Answer 18

b. the left atrium is located caudodorsally

Question 19

Which statement is false? In the case of thoracic effusion

a. the opacity of the thorax is increased
b. the outline of the organs gets sharper
c. diaphragmatic hernia sometimes cannot be ruled out
d. type of the fluid cannot be determined

Answer 19

a. the opacity of the thorax is increased

Question 20

What contrast medium would you use to demonstrate vascular strangulation of the esophagus?

a. barium sulfate
b. inorganic iodine compound
c. air
d. the use of contrast medium is cotraindicated

Answer 20

a.Barium-sulfate

Question 21

Which one is not a pulmonary pattern?

a. Alveolar
b. Fibrous
c. Interstitial
d. Bronchial

Answer 21

b. Fibrous

Question 22

The tracheal hypoplasia is common in which breed?

a. Dachshund
b. English bulldog
c. German shepherd
d. Irish setter

Answer 22

b. English bulldog

Question 23

Which contrast medium can be used for the non-perforated esophagus?

a. barium-sulfate suspension
b. organic iodine
c. both
d. none of them

Answer 23

a. barium-sulfate suspension

Question 24

Which statement is false? When obtaining radiographs of fractures, it is important…

a. to take orthogonal projections.
b. to have the neighboring joints in the picture too.
c. in case of uncertainty take x-ray of the contralateral limb too.
d. always take radiograph of the thorax too.

Answer 24

d. always take radiograph of the thorax too.

Question 25

Which statement is correct? In mature healthy carnivores…

a. the cortical layer of long bones is radiolucent
b. the growth plate is radiolucent
c. the periosteum is not visible in the radiographs
d. the endosteum is visible on the radiographs

Answer 25

c. the periosteum is not visible in the radiographs

Question 26

What is the normal anatomy of the long bones?

a. epiphysis- metaphysis-diaphysis-metaphysis-epiphysis

Answer 26

a. epiphysis- metaphysis-diaphysis-metaphysis-epiphysis

Question 27

Which part of long bones is radiolucent?

a. cortex
b. subchondral bone
c. growth plate in young animals
d. growth plate in adults

Answer 27

c. growth plate in young animals

Question 28

Sunburst-like periosteal reaction is typical for which disorder?

a. malignant bone tumors
b. bone cyst
c. osteochondrosis dissecans
d. benign bone tumors

Answer 28

a. malignant bone tumors

Question 29

Which statement is true?

a. The joint capsule is visible in the radiograph.
b. The subchondral bone is not visible in the radiograph.
c. The joint cartilage is not visible in the radiograph.
d. Joint ligaments are visible in the radiograph.

Answer 29

c. The joint cartilage is not visible in the radiograph.