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advantage of no waxy cuticle in hydrophytes
Water loss isn’t a problem, wax production watses energy
negtive result for iodine test
yellow
test for starch
result for iodine test
yellow = negative
black = positive
test for starch
what can be said about the significance of difference between two variables where standard deviation has been calculated
Little/nothing can be concluded
as no statistical test is done
SIMILARITIES BETWEEN DNA REPLICATION AND TRANSCRIPTION
-DNA unwinds and unzips
-helicase enzymes
-Template DNA
-complementary base pairing
-hydrogen bonds
-Free, activated nucleotides
-polymerase enzymes
DIFFERENCS BETWEEN DNA REPLICATION AND TRANSCRIPTION
-only small section of DNA unzips during transcription
-Both strands act as template in replication
-RNA vs DNA free floating nucleotides
-RNA vs DNA polymerase
-Different helicase enzymes
-Products are two new daughter strands in Replication whereas only one new mRNA strand in transcription
-mRNA leaves nucleus whereas the new DNA strand remains bound to template strand in replication
state the likely causes in variation of body length in cheetahs
Continuous so
-genes
-environment
list three vulnerable groups of people who should be advised to be perscribed antibiotics before they even show symptoms
-elderly
-babies
-immuno-compromised
Discuss implications of the over use of antibiotics when people don’t show symptoms
-When exposed to antibiotic, most resistant survive
-Less competition = make resistant population
-antibiotic is selective pressure
-only some bacteria have resistance
explain why toxins produced from three different strains of bacterium are described of being “immunologically distinct”
-Toxins produced by each chain will be slightly different
-each toxin have different 3D shape
-Toxin acts as/is antigen
-immune response determined by shape of antigen
what do T helper cells produce
interleukins
does the liver contain starch
no