Test 6 Flashcards

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1
Q

Name two types of weathering and explain then

A

1.Mechanical weather is freeze thaw action it happens when the the temperature drops below freezing point and the water expands and puts pressure and the rocks and it breaks up into smaller pieces called scree

2.Chemical weathering is where rocks (limestone) are devolved because of a chemical reaction. Carbonation is an example of this. Carbonation + water = a weak Carbonic acid(Co2 + H20=H2Co3). Limestone has 80% calcium carbonate and when it mixes with the weak carbonic acid it dissolves the limestone

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2
Q

What is weathering

A

It is the breaking down of rocks that are exposed to weather

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3
Q

What is erosion

A

Erosion is the breaking down of rocks and soil and the transportation of the eroded material

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4
Q

What is hydraulic acid

A

Hydraulic acid is the force of moving water

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5
Q

Name and explain a surface feature

A

A swallow hole happens when Rivers flow over a limestone pavement and dissolves the rock. Carbonation and the physical force of moving water called hydraulic acid enlarges the joints and bedding planes. The place where the river disappears is called the swallow hole

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6
Q

Name and explain an underground feature

A

Caves and caverns: As rivers flow underground through swallow holes they enlarged the passages through which they flow. This occurs by the process of carbonation and hydraulic action. This process can widen the space underground creating these caves and caverns eg. The Aillwee Caves

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7
Q

What is calcite

A

It is the deposit of pure limestone

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8
Q

How do stalactites form?

A

As the water seeps in to the rocks it carries dissolved limestone with it some of this water reaches the roof of the cave and the drips slowly evaporate and leave behind small deposits of pure limestone called calcite

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9
Q

How do stalagmites form?

A

Drops of water may also seep through the rock and fall to the ground. This water evaporates and leave’s deposits of calcite on the floor of the cave directly below the stalactites. The calcite builds up forming up side down icicle shapes called stalagmites

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10
Q

How do pillars form?

A

After thousands of years stalagmites and stalactites can meet and join resulting in the formation of a pillar or column

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11
Q

How is regolith formed

A

Wearing and erosion produce loses material called regolith

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12
Q

What are factors that affect mass movement

A

Human activity
Weather
Water
Animals
Vegetation
Gradient(steepness)

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13
Q

What is a landslide

A

A landslide is the rapid movement of regolith down a steep slope that has become unstable. Causes of landslides include costal erosion deforestation heavy rain and earthquakes

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14
Q

What is an avalanche

A

An avalanche is the rapid movement of snow and ice downslope when the weight of the snow is too much for the slope too hold

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15
Q

How do mudflows happen

A

Mudflows happen when soil becomes saturated with water after periods of heavy rainfall and move down slope in a river of mud.

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16
Q

What is a bog burst

A

A bog burst or bog slide occurs when mass of bog or peat moves down a slope after a period of heavy rainfall. The peat becomes saturated that water can no longer soak downwards.This makes it unstable so the peat move’s downslope and can block roads,knock down trees,damage roads and buildings and pollute lakes a rivers

17
Q

What is soil creep

A

Soil creep is the movement of soil down a slope under the influence of gravity and it is the slowest form of mass movement

18
Q

How can you tell the landscape has soil creep

A

Trees grow at an angle, fences and telephone poles tilt downwards and walls crack a break when soil pills up behind them

19
Q

When was the Burren formed

A

It was formed over 300 million years ago under sea

20
Q

What are advantages of tourism in the Burren

A

Provides employment in the local area,reduces migration from that area and brings income to that area

21
Q

What are disadvantages of tourism in the Burren

A

Increased pollution can cause damage to the limestone,new buildings and roads can destroy the scenic beauty and walkers can cause damage to the plants and animals