Revision Flashcards
List the hard engineering methods for costal erosion management
Groynes, revetments or sea walls and rock armour
List the soft engineering methods for costal erosion management
sand dune management
How does a sand split form
Longshore drift loses energy meaning it deposits it load
What plates/boundary caused the 2011 Japan earthquake
subduction zone plate boundary between the Pacific and North America plates
Describe the world distribution of fold mountains referring to named places in your answer
Fold mountains are the most common type of mountain in the world. The rugged heights of the Himalayas, Andes and Alps are all active fold mountains. The Himalayas stretch through the borders of China, Bhutan, Nepal, India and Pakistan. The crust beneath the Himalaya is still the process of being compressed.
Name 2 surface features that can be found on a karst landscape
Clint’s and grikes
Tell me how chemical weathering occurs
Rainwater mixes with carbon dioxide to form a weak carbonic acid. Limestone is held together by calcium carbonate. When the weak carbonic acid falls onto limestone it dissolves the calcium carbonate to form calcium bicarbonate over thousands of years. This causes the limestone to breakdown or weather over time
Define the term globalisation
Realisation is the way that people and places are interconnected with other people and places around the world
Define term a natural increase in the population
If more people per 1,000 are born than die in a year, the population grows. For example, if the birth rate in Ireland was 13.5 per 1,000 people and the death rate was 6.4 per 1,000 people there would be a natural increase of 7.1 per 1,000 people
What texture are basalt rocks
Medium grained
What texture are granite rocks
Coarse grained
What texture are limestone and sandstone rocks
Coarse grained
What texture are marble rocks
Smooth
What texture are quartzite rocks
Grainy
Tell me about anticyclones and what type of weather they bring
• Descending air and temperatures rise
• High atmospheric pressure
• Winds blow in a clockwise direction
• Isobars are well spaced indicating light winds
• Clear skies and cold nights in winter
• Dry weather
Tell me an depressions and what type of weather they bring
• Ascending air and temperatures fall
• Low atmospheric pressure
• Winds blow in an anti-clockwise direction
• Isobars are close together indicating strong winds
• Cloudy skies
• Wet weather
Name one extreme weather event that you have studied
Hurricane Irma
Tell me about hurricane Irma
Hurricane Irma occurred in September 2017. It was one of the most powerful hurricanes ever recorded. It was classed as a Category 5 hurricane, the highest level of hurricane. Wind speeds were over 295 kph when the Hurricane hit the Caribbean island of Barbuda on 6 September and these wind speeds lasted for up to 37 hours. The hurricane moved up into the state of Florida in the United States. When the hurricane reached Florida it had been downgraded to a Category 4 and wind speeds reduced to 210 kph.
What were the impacts of hurricane Irma
134 died because of the hurricane.
Buildings were destroyed
8,000 flights were cancelled
Gas and power shortages effecting 1.5 million people
Define the term ecotourism
Ecotourism is defined as “responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and involves interpretation and education
Describe one way in which a sustainable tourism project has tried to protect the environment of a country you have studied
Spain
Spain has developed 15 national parks such as Teide National Park in the Canary Islands, which is home to the third largest volcano in the world. Over 10% of the land area of Spain has been declared by UNESCO as protected reserves where plants and animals are of scientific interest.
Define the term a lateral moraine
lateral moraine is deposited along the side of the glacier
Define the term medial moraine
medial moraine is found along the middle of the valley when two lateral moraines join together.
Define the term a terminal moraine
A terminal moraine marks the furthest point to which the glacier advanced.
Tell me about bilateral aid
Aid from one country directly to another countries called bilateral aid. The aid that Irish government provides Ethiopia is an example of this age.
What is multilateral aid
Aid provided by organisations such as the United Nations. Government of member states contribute money for development programs run all over the world.
Define the term tied aid
This type of aid comes to conditions. It may mean the poor developing country will have to produce certain products for the richer developed country in order to receive aid. This type of aid does not always go for a developing country and could wipe it out of it sources.
