Test 5

Question 1

Name 3 gasses in the atmosphere

Answer 1

Nitrogen,oxygen and treces gasses.

Question 2

Name the lowest layer of the universe and how far does it go up

Answer 2

Troposphere and it goes up to 17km

Question 3

Name the second lowest layer of the universe and how high does it go up

Answer 3

Stratosphere and it goes up to 50km

Question 4

Why does the equator get more heat

Answer 4

The suns rays have a shorter distance to travel to the equator so the heat is more intense at higher latitudes. The sun’s rays shine directly onto the equator and so are concentrated on a smaller area. The rays at higher latitude are shorter and cover a larger area which is less intense.

Question 5

What happens during summer

Answer 5

During our summer the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun. Days are longer and we get more solar radiation.

Question 6

What happens during winter

Answer 6

During our winter the northern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun. Days are short and the temperature is low due to little solar radiation

Question 7

Define the term prevailing winds

Answer 7

Between 30° and 60° latitude, the winds that move towards the poles appear to curve to the east. Because winds are named after the direction from which they come, these winds are called westerlies. Prevailing westerlies in the northern hemisphere are responsible for many of the weather movements across Europe, and especially in Ireland.

Question 8

Name 3 other types of wind

Answer 8

Doldrums, horse latitude and polar estuaries

Question 9

Define the term ocean currents

Answer 9

Ocean waters are always moving. The movement of water is referred toas a current. A current is like a river flowing throughout the ocean

Question 10

What are air masses

Answer 10

Air masses are large moving pockets of air that are distinct from the surrounding atmosphere. Warm air masses carry more moisture or water vapour than cold air masses

Question 11

Define the term isobars

Answer 11

Isobars are lines on a weather map which join together places of equal atmospheric pressure

Question 12

How is atmospheric pressure measured

Answer 12

It is measured in millibars

Question 13

When to fronts happen

Answer 13

They occur where two different air masses meet

Question 14

What do warm fronts bring

Answer 14

They bring gentle rain and the warm air rises over the cold air

Question 15

What to cold fronts bring

Answer 15

Heavy rain, cold air replaces warm air, cold air follows warm air underneath it and pushes it out

Question 16

What do occluded fronts bring

Answer 16

Changeable weather,cold front replaces warm front or the other way around

Question 17

What is an anti cyclone

Answer 17

The highest number is the middle circle over Ireland indicating dry sunny weather

Question 18

What do a depressions

Answer 18

The lowest number is the middle circle over Ireland. Lots of precipitation and strong winds

Question 19

Define to term cloud

Answer 19

A cloud is a large collection of very tiny drop of water or ice crystals held in the atmosphere. The droplets are so small and they can float in the air

Question 20

Define the term stratus cloud

Answer 20

It is around 2,000m. Flat sheets of cloud indicate a rainy day. They are usually grey and cover most of the sky

Question 21

Define the term cumulus cloud

Answer 21

It’s 5,000m and looks like a big ball of wool. Gives nice weather and sometimes heavy rain

Question 22

Define the term cirrus cloud

Answer 22

Form above 8,000m. Wispy clouds, very little water vapour,thin can hold ice crystals

Question 23

What is precipitation

Answer 23

Precipitation is any form of water, liquid or solid, that falls from the sky. It includes rain, sleet ,slaw, hail and drizzle

Question 24

What is atmospheric pressure and how is it measured

Answer 24

Atmospheric pressure is the weight of the atmosphere as it presses down on earth. It is measured with a barometer, a chart to record the atmospheric pressure

Question 25

How do we measure wind speed and direction

Answer 25

The speed of the wind is measured with an anemonter. The unit of measurement is either miles or kilometres per hour. Wind strength is judged by the damage that it causes. This is known as the Beaufort scale. The direction of the wind is indicated by a weather vein. Wind direction is directed by the direction from which the wind is blowing.

Question 26

Define the term humidity

Answer 26

Humidity refers to the amount of water vapour in the air compared to the amount it would contained if it was saturated. It is measured with a hygrometer. The most common hygrometer uses a wet and dry bulb thermometer. The measurement is expressed as percentage. Saturated air has a humidity of 100%.

Question 27

What is precipitation and how do you measure it

Answer 27

Precipitation occurs in various forms, including rain, hail, sleet, and snow. It oscillates measured with a rain gauge. It should be located in any open space, away from buildings and trees. The unit of measurement is millimetres.

Question 28

How do you measure sunshine

Answer 28

Sunshine is measured using a compbell-strokes sunshine recorder, the unit of measurement is hours per day. The lines on a weather map showing are equal sunshine are called isohels

Question 29

Where does wind blow

Answer 29

It moves from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure

Question 30

Name the lines and weather map to join places are equal precipitation

Answer 30

Isohyet

Question 31

Define the term warm fronts

Answer 31

Warm fronts are formed when warm air rises over a mass of cold air. As the warm air lifts into areas of lower pressure, it expands, cools and condenses the water vapour as wide, flat sheets of cloud. These clouds bring gentle rain.

Question 32

Define the term cold front

Answer 32

cold front occurs where a cold air mass replaces a warmer air mass. The cold air follows the warm air and gradually moves underneath it, pushing the warmer air upwards. When the warm air is pushed upwards, it will rain heavily. This is because as it rises quickly, moisture in the air condenses, forming rain clouds. As the cold front passes, the clouds roll by and the air temperature is cooler.

Question 33

Define the term occluded front

Answer 33

Occluded fronts occur at the point where a cold front takes over a warm front or the other way around. Occluded tronts bring changeable weather conditions.