Test 3.1

Question 1

What is SCI

Answer 1

A condition with structural distortion of the cervical spine column which is associated with actual or potential damage to the spinal cord

Question 2

What’s direct cervical spine injuries

Answer 2

Result from participation in skills of sports

Question 3

What’s indirect cervical spine injury

Answer 3

Result from systemic failure secondary to exertion while participating in a sport

Question 4

What are the subdivision of cervical spine injuries and define them

Answer 4

Fatal

Nonfatal- injury causes permanent neurologic damage

Serious- severe injury but no permanent damage

Question 5

How many SCI cases are estimated each year and what’s the most popular cases

Answer 5

12,000 new cases each year and 42% are vehicle crashes

Question 6

Sport participation is _____ most common cause of spinal injury

Answer 6

4th rounding at 8%

Question 7

For those under 30 years old it is the ____ most common cause after motor vehicle crashes

Answer 7

2nd

Question 8

Appropriately how many SCI cases occur in males

Answer 8

80%

Question 9

What happened in 1976 in the nfl

Answer 9

Rule changes to prevent head first contact

Question 10

Cervical spine consist of how many cervical vertebrae and vertebral discs

Answer 10

7

Question 11

Vertebrae encases and protects?

Answer 11

Spinal cord

Question 12

Nerves roots pass through ______ providing sensory and motor function to the upper extremities

Answer 12

Intervertebral spaces

Question 13

What are the different types of MOI

Answer 13

Axial loading
Hyperflexion/hyperextension
Rotational loading
Excessive lateral flexion

Question 14

What does axal loading consist of

Answer 14

When the head and neck are flexed between 20 and 30 degrees and the head serves as the point of contact

Most common MOI for SCI

Question 15

What does rotational loading consists of

Answer 15

Causes distribution of ligaments, subluxation, dislocation, or fractures

Question 16

Soft tissue damage in spinal cord can result in

Answer 16

Instability

Question 17

Primary injuries to spinal cord result in?

Answer 17

Result from direct trauma with immediate effects

Question 18

What are examples of primary spinal injuries

Answer 18

Neuropraxia, cord transection, spinal cord concussion

Question 19

What’s secondary spinal cord injury result from

Answer 19

Occurs after swelling and ischemia have developed

Question 20

What’s example of secondary spinal cord injuries

Answer 20

Contusion, compression, spinal cord hemorrhage

Question 21

What’s spinal shock

Answer 21

Temporary condition, paralyzingly body due to body’s response to injury

Question 22

What’s the most common spinal shock

Answer 22

Hypotension due to vasodilation

Question 23

What’s transection

Answer 23

Complete or partial severing of spinal cord

Question 24

Injury below T1 will result in?

Answer 24

Incontinence and paraplegia

Question 25

Injury in the cervical region will result in?

Answer 25

Quadriplegia

Question 26

What are the two spinal injuries called

Answer 26

Spinal shock

Transection

Question 27

What are the different types of partial transection

Answer 27

Anterior cord syndrome
Central cord syndrome
Brown-sequard syndrome

Question 28

What’s anterior cord syndrome

Answer 28

Disruption of arterial blood supply

Loss of pain sensation, motor function,light touch and temp control distal to injury

Question 29

What’s central cord syndrome

Answer 29

Common in hyperextension and associated with arthritis

Decrease motor weakness and possible loss of bladder function

Question 30

Whats brown-sequard syndrome

Answer 30

Result of penetrating injury, severing one side of spinal cord

Loss of sensory and motor function on affected side; loss of pain and temp on opposite side

Question 31

What’s the best potential for recovery
Anterior cord syndrome
Central cord syndrome
Brown-sequard syndrome

Answer 31

Central cord syndrome

Question 32

What’s neurogenic shock

Answer 32

Brain loses ability to maintain control over rest of body due to cord damage

Question 33

What’s compromised with neurogenic shock

Answer 33

sympathetic nervous system and vascular system

Question 34

What’s the S&S of neurogenic shock

Answer 34

Bradycardia
Hypotension
Warm,dry, flushed skin below injury
Priapism in males

Question 35

If you don’t know the MOI what should you assume

Answer 35

Cord injury

Question 36

Should you alarm athlete if sensation is not present

Answer 36

Do not let athlete know

Question 37

What are the movement Methods called

Answer 37

Log roll method

Straddle slide method

Question 38

Helmets and shoulder pads should remain in place together or be removed together (all or none)

True or false

Answer 38

True

Question 39

How many removal device tools should you have

Answer 39

2

Question 40

How does hypovolemia occur

Answer 40

Large scale vasodilation causes pooling of blood throughout body

Question 41

What’s the result of hypovolemia

Answer 41

Decrease sympathetic response does not allow for elevated heart rate to compensate for volume loss resulting in shock

Question 42

What are the two steroids that should be administered within the first 8 hrs post injury

Answer 42

Dexamethasone and methylprednisolone

Question 43

What can steroid do for injuries

Answer 43

Can limit secondary inflammation and reduce damage that could occur as a result of swelling

Question 44

What does SCI stand for

Answer 44

Spinal cord injury