Test 2.5

Question 1

How can cardiovascular conditions be managed?

Answer 1

Through activity modification if identified

Question 2

In up to _______ of athletes with SCD, the first clinical manifestation of cardiac disease is sudden death

Answer 2

60-80%

Question 3

In a report of 115 cases of SCD in young athletes how many got the correct diagnosis?

Answer 3

1

Question 4

Who should receive pre-participation screening and what should it be used for

Answer 4

Everyone involved in physical activity

Used to identify syncope, palpitations, episodic or extertional dyspnea, chest pain

Question 5

What should concerning findings be followed by?

Answer 5

ECG

Question 6

What does a heart murmur consist of

Answer 6

Patients with HCM have a murmur beginning after S1 and ends before S2 at lower left sternum and apex

Question 7

What are some characteristics of marfans syndrome

Answer 7

Tall and thin body
Disproportional long legs
Visual problems
Arms span longer then height
Thumb to fifth digit at wrist

Question 8

What’s an issue with ECG

Answer 8

Too many false positives

Question 9

What are some recognition of cardiac warning signs

Answer 9

Athletic trainer should maintain constant vigilance of signs of underlying cardiovascular disease

It’s up to a clinician to recognize and arrange for appropriate evaluation

Question 10

What are some prevention measure

Answer 10

Counseling on avoidance of performance-enhancing drugs, alcohol, etc

Have athletes report symptoms

Imply proper nutrition, hydration, and rest

Question 11

What are the key differential diagnosis for SCD

Answer 11

SCA 
Exertional heat stroke
Heat exhaustion
Hyponatermia
Hypoglycemia
Seizures
Cardiac arrhythmias

Question 12

What are the treatment and action for SCD

Answer 12

Prompt recognition of SCA 
911
CPR 
AED
Consider advanced airway equipment if needed
Get to the hospital

Question 13

Should every school and organization that sponsors athletic activities have a emergency response plan for SCA and written policies?

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

What is essential within 3-5 of collapse

Answer 14

Early defibrillation

Question 15

What are the goal with 1 hour of SCA

Answer 15

Transport to the hospital

Question 16

What are the goals within 24 hours of SCA

Answer 16

Rapid cooling and included hypothermia for SCA victims with VF arrest has been shown to improve survival and decrease complications

Question 17

What are goals after 24 hours of SCA

Answer 17

• Proper diagnosis
• Proper management and should be guided by subspecialty cardiovascular care
• screen family members for hereditary causes of SCA

Question 18

What should be considered if you have a negative autopsy for SCD

Answer 18

Postmortem genetic testing for ion channels disorder

Question 19

What is the single greatest factor affecting survival from SCA

Answer 19

Time from arrest to defibrillation

Question 20

What’s the percent of survival rate in a public setting when CPR is performed by a bystander and defibrillation within 3-5 mins

Answer 20

Ranges from 41%-74%

Question 21

True or false their is limited research available regarding AED use in young athletes who suffer SCA

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Who decided if an athlete is temporary or permanent disqualified from sports after SCA

Answer 22

Should be made in consultation with a cardiologist

Question 23

What happens if an athlete has a history of malignant ventricular arrhythmia , SCA, or who are at significant risk

Answer 23

They should be restricted from moderate to high intensity sports

Question 24

Who are the people who endorse screening in athletes?

Answer 24

AHA, European society of cardiology, and the international Olympic committee