Test 3 Flashcards
An animal or plant can make the cell membrane more viscous by using
Saturated fatty acids
What happens to an animal cell in a hypertonic solution.
It shrinks
In which direction do the sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ions move in the sodium/potassium pump?
Potassium (K+) into the cell, sodium (Na+) out
Respiration is a — reaction that — energy?
Catabolic
Releases
In anaerobic respiration, pyruvate is converted into — in animals and — in plants.
Lactate
Ethanol
Krebs cycle turns — into CO2, and produces — NADH molecules
Pyruvate
6
In aerobic respiration, how many carbon dioxide molecules are produced from the breakdown of one glucose molecule?
6
Apart from ATP and NADH, Krebs cycle also stores Chemical energy as the molecule:
2FADH,2
Give an example off exocytosis
Tears and milk
State the second law of thermodynamics
Entropy (disorder) is always increasing, so things fall apart and break down, because the general trend is towards disorder.
Energy of movement is called
Kinetic energy
In the catabolism of food, apart from the electron transport chain (ETC) amino acids are broken down by
None of these
An inhibitor which attaches to the active site of an enzyme is called a
Competitive inhibitor
Why does the rate of an enzyme controlled reaction typically decrease if the temperature rises above 40 degrees Celsius?
The enzymes become denatured. Cold temperatures slow enzymes.
What is phagocytosis?
Solids brought into the cell
