Test 2 - Hutch - Abdominal Wall

Question 1

The ab muscles compress the abdomen to do what?

Answer 1

Aid in exhalation
Aid in expulsion of feces and urine
Protect the abdominal organs

Question 2

When looking at the abdomen, list the layers and muscles from superficial to deep

Answer 2

Rectus sheath, linea alba, aponeurosis of external oblique m, external oblique m, inguinal ligament>rectus abdominis, tendinous intersections, internal oblique m>transversus abdominis

Question 3

Tell me what the aponeuroses do around the rectus abdominis muscle above and below the arcuate line?

Answer 3

Above

Aponeurosis of ext ab oblique goes anterior
Apo of int ab oblique splits with half of it going anterior and the other half going posterior
Apo of transversus ab goes posterior

Below

All aponeuroses go anterior
Posterior to the rectus ab is the transversalis fascia

Question 4

The testes push thru what on their descent to the scrotum?

Answer 4

Transversalis fascia

Question 5

What are the layers covering the testes from deep to superficial?

Answer 5

Tunica vaginalis (Remnant of the parietal peritoneum)>int spermatic fascia>cremaster m.>ext spermatic fascia>dartos m>skin

Question 6

What is formed when the testes descend and what does that structure transmit?

Answer 6

Inguinal canal

Spermatic cord

Question 7

Deep inguinal ring is what to the superficial inguinal ring?

Answer 7

Superior and lateral

Question 8

What are the two types of hernias and describe them?

Answer 8

Indirect

Abdominal contents hernia thru deep inguinal canal and into spermatic cord - deep to cremaster m.

Direct

Abdominal contents hernia thru superficial inguinal canal on top of cremaster m.

Question 9

Name the umbilical folds and what is inside of them?

Answer 9

Median umbilical fold - Obliterated urachus

Medial umbilical folds - obliterated umbilical a.

Lateral umbilical folds - active inf epigastric aa.

Question 10

What hip flexor muscles do you need to know?

Answer 10

Iliacus

Psoas major and minor