Test 2 - Colombo - Oral Cavity

Question 1

List the borders of the oral cavity.

Answer 1

Ant - Lip
Lat - Cheeks
Sup - Hard/Soft palate
Inf - Floor (Mucus membrane covering mylohyloid m.)
Post - Oropharyngeal isthmus

Question 2

The epithelium of the oral mucosa is what?

Where is it derived from?

What does it lack?

Answer 2

Stratified squamous, keratinzed or nonkeratinized.

Ectoderm.

Hair follicles!

Question 3

The lamina propria of the oral mucosa is what?

Answer 3

Underlying CT, it contains small mixed glands.

Question 4

What is the difference b/t the lining mucosa and the masticatory mucosa?

Answer 4

The lining has flatter, rounded rete pegs.

Masticatory has sharper, more pronounced rete pegs.

Question 5

What do rete pegs do?

Answer 5

Offer stability

Question 6

Tell me about the lining mucosa and where it is found in the oral cavity.

Answer 6

It is non-keratinized, strat. Squamous

Cheeks, inside of lips, floor of mouth, ventral tongue, soft palate

Question 7

Tell me about the masticatory mucosa and where it is found.

Answer 7

Keratinized strat. Squamous.

Gingiva, parts of the dorsum tongue, hard palate

Question 8

Tell me where specialized mucosa is found in the oral cavity.

Answer 8

Taste buds on the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the tongue

Question 9

Intestinal mucosa has what layers?

Answer 9

Mucosa, lamina propria, muscularis mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa

Question 10

Oral mucosa has what layers?

Answer 10

Mucosa, lamina propria, submucosa, bone

*It may or may not be attached to bone

Question 11

Tell me about oral mucoperiosteum.

Answer 11

Lacks submucosa and has few glands.

Mucosa, lamina propria, periosteum, bone

*Found on the medial hard palate and is usually the attached gingiva

Question 12

There are two types of keratinization in the oral mucosa. Name and tell me about them.

Answer 12

Ortho - no nuclei visible in keratin layer

Para - some nuclei retained in keratin layer

Question 13

Name the stratums in order from deep to superficial, and name what is in each layer.

Answer 13

Basale - stem cells & hemidesmosomes

Spinosum (Prickle) - Desmosomes

Granulosum - keratohyalin granule (keratin aggregation), and lamellar granules (lipid coating)

Corneum- anucleate and then acellular layer of stacks of cross-linked keratin coated w/ lipid

Question 14

If there is no keratin, and no taste bud

looking things, we are probably dealing with what?

Answer 14

Lining mucosa

Question 15

The soft palate is made of what?

Answer 15

Lining mucosa (non-keratinized) mingled with glandular tissue.

Question 16

The hard palate is lined with what?

Answer 16

Masticatory epithelium (kera. Strat. Sq.)

Question 17

3 types of gingiva. Name and describe them.

Answer 17

Attached - Firmly bound to bone around roots of teeth - STIPPLED

Free or marginal - lies unattached around cervical region of teeth

Interdental - the part of gingiva b/t teeth

Question 18

What is the mucogingival line?

Answer 18

Delineates the attached gingiva from alveolar mucosa - transition b/t masticatory and lining mucosa

Question 19

What are the epithelial differences b/t attached gingiva and alveolar mucosa?

Answer 19

Attached - ortho(para)-keratinized strat. Squamous - dense lp, many collagen bundles

Alveolar mucosa - non-keratinized - lp is looser w/ many elastic fibers, which give the mucosa elasticity

Question 20

T/F - The skin is not keratinized.

Answer 20

FALSE.

Question 21

Where is the transition to the labial mucosa?

Answer 21

At the mucocutaneous junction, or intermediate zone. (This transition zone is parakeratinized)

Question 22

Tell me about the labial mucosa.

Answer 22

Non-keratinized, thick epithelium. Flexible.

Question 23

90% of the cells of the oral mucosa are what?

Answer 23

Keratinocytes

Question 24

The other 10% consist of three. Name and describe them.

Answer 24

Langerhans - found in spinosum - bind to antigens

Merkel - touch receptors the synapse w/ sensory nn.

Melanocytes - produce melanin, provide pigmentation

Question 25

4 types of papillae you need to know. They are specialized mucosa.

Answer 25

Filiform- majority. On body of tongue.

Fungiform - larger than filiform. On tip of tongue.

Foliate- posterior sides of tongue.

Circumvallate - at the junction of the body and base of tonsillar area of tongue. LARGE. Only like 10 of them.

Question 26

Describe the types of papillae.

Answer 26

Filiform - kera epi, no taste buds

Fungiform - nonkera epi, taste buds

Foliate - nonkera epi, taste buds (less pronounced in humans)

Circumvallate - kera epi, taste buds

Question 27

Know that diff. Cells in taste buds have diff. Receptors. What is the nerve?

Answer 27

CN7 - Facial n.

Question 28

Three major glands. Name them, and what they do.

Answer 28

Parotid - Large, serous secretions

Submandibular - mixed secretions, mostly serous, but some mucus

Sublingual - mixed secretions, but mostly mucus

Question 29

Tell me about the parotid gland.

Answer 29

25% of saliva
Serous
Secretes alpha-amylase
Active during active salivation

Question 30

Tell me about submandibular glands

Answer 30

60-67% of volume
Mixed, but mostly serous
Serous - amylase
Mucus - mucin
Active during passive salivary volume

Question 31

Tell me about the sublingual glands.

Answer 31

3-5% of volume
Mixed, but more mucus
The mucus is capped with serous demilunes

Question 32

The end product of saliva is what?

Answer 32

Hypotonic

Question 33

Name saliva flow.

Answer 33

Intercalated ducts>striated ducts>interlobular ducts>excretory ducts

First 2 are collectively called the intralobar ducts b/c they collect saliva from lobules of same lobe

Question 34

How are intercalated ducts organized?

Answer 34

Thin, simple cuboidal epi

Question 35

How are striated ducts organized?

Answer 35

Simple columnar epi

Question 36

Interlobular ducts are organized how?

Answer 36

Larger, and collect saliva from multiple lobes. Stratified columnar.