Test 2: Hemoglobin and Myoglobin Flashcards
where is myoglobin located
in muscles
where is hemoglobin located
in red blood cells
describe the Hb subunits
4 subunits that are homologous to MB
which structure was the 1st one discovered by x ray cyrstallography
myoglobin
how man helices does myglobin have
8 alpha helices labeled a through H
what are the differences between myoglobin and hemoglobin
- myoglobin is a monomer, Hb is a tetromer of 4 Mb like homo subunits
describe the Hb subinits
2 alpha globin and 2 beta globin
who solved Hb structure
Max perutz
what is heme
protoporphyrin IX + Fe+2 + Mb
- in Hb each subinits has a heme proesthetic group
what does it mean by prosthetic group
it means the non amino acid portion of a protein that is required
what does the heme group do in hemoglobin
in each of the 4 subinits it binds oxygen in the lungs and releases it in tissues
what does the heme group do in Mb
stores and releases oxygen for muscle activity
what does the Fe+2 do in the heme
responsible for binding to oxygen and it switches between different oxidation states
what doe His E7 do the binding pcoket of heme
- forces any ligand to bind to Fe(II) at a bent angle
- bent allows for O2 ot bind FE(II) on heme reversibily
what is holding the heme in place
hydrophobic interactions
what bond is holding the heme in place to each Hb subinits/ Mb in proximal His
coordinate covalent bond to His F8
which His is directly binded to the Iron
His F8 proximal
what does His 8 do
- bonded to iron
- anchor iron
- positions the heme group
what is the role of His E7
- does not directly bind to the iron
-stabilzie O2 molecule - reduces harmul molecules like CO
- binds O2 bent to stabilize it
pls describe CO poisioning
- CO has a strong affinity for Fe+2 and when binded linerly and it prefers linear binding it is 20,000 stronger than O2
- but steric hinderance of His e7 reduces the effect
why is CO, CN, NH3, NO, and H2S bad
bind in place of ocygen on a heme in complex IV of ETC
what happens when the O2 gets oxidized to FE+3 in Hb and Mb
- ## gives Methemoglobin ( brown)
what is important about MetHB and MetMB when binding
- they can’t bind O2
what enzyme can reduce Fe+3 to Fe+2
diaphorase
how can Fe+3 be formed
- 2 hemes w/out a protein come and autoxidize through intermediate ( O2 bridge between two Fe(II) centers)
what prevents FE+3 from being formed
- bulky groups around heme