etc part 2 and ox phos

Question 1

what are the energy sources of chemiosmosis

Answer 1

active transport
electron potential
flagellar rotation
atp p
nadh synthesis
heat produ

Question 2

what are the components of atp synthase

Answer 2

3 ab dimers
c subunit

Question 3

which moves on atp synthase

Answer 3

c rotor and y subunit rotate not the 3 ab dimers

Question 4

what do the ab dimers undergo

Answer 4

conformational changes adp + pi = atp

Question 5

in atp synthase when h+ is low what happens

Answer 5

hydrolyze atp and moves in reverse

Question 6

how does H+ move in atp sythase

Answer 6

high to low and reverse low to high

Question 7

outer membrane is permeable to what of the mito

Answer 7

small molecules and ion

Question 8

inner membrane of mito impermeable to waht

Answer 8

most small molecules and ions including H=

Question 9

what does the inner membrane mito contain

Answer 9

respiratory electron carriers complex 1-4
-adp-atp translocases
-atp synthase
- membrane

Question 10

what is the adenine nucleotide translocase antiport

Answer 10

moves 4 negative charges out for 3 negative charge in adp

Question 11

what is phosphate translocase symport

Answer 11

movement of H2Po4 inward is not favored

Question 12

atp synthesis costs

Answer 12

3H+ for atp synthease
-1 pi for translocation

Question 13

what is the phos ox ration or p/o ration

Answer 13

measure of mlcls of atp made per e- pair carried through electron transport

Question 14

how many atp made per 2e

Answer 14

4 H+ flow back into matrix per atp
3 for atp synthesis
1 for pi
10/4 = 2.5 per nadh
6/4 = 1.5 atp per fadh2

Question 15

where is the nadh made in glycolysis

Answer 15

in the cytosol and it can’t cross in to give e- to etc

Question 16

what is a shuttle

Answer 16

pass electrons to something that can penetrate the mito membrane
1. insect brain and flight muscle
2. mammalian muscle and liver

Question 17

what is an example of a shuttle

Answer 17

glycerol-PO4 shuttle, malate aspartate shuttle

Question 18

what is the malate aspartate shuttle

Answer 18

• malate is transported into the mito and can be reoxid to oxalocaetate to make nadh for etc

Question 19

descrube fast twitch muscles

Answer 19

• short burts of energy
• anaerobic glycolyis for atp

Question 20

describe slow twitch muscles

Answer 20

• prolonged energy
• rich in mitos
• obtain atp from ox phos
• glifht muscles of birds and leg runners

Question 21

dark meat vs white meat

Answer 21

white uses fast twitch mscucles
dark uses slow twitch and is rich in mitos

Question 22

are etc and ox phos coupled

Answer 22

yes and if etc stops, ox phos stops

Question 23

what does uncoupling cause

Answer 23

disrupting the H+ gradient

Question 24

what is thermogenin

Answer 24

found in mito
heat producing brown fat

Question 25

what do UCP do (uncouple protein)

Answer 25

channel that permit import of H+ from intermembrane space to matrix WITHOUT atp synthesis

Question 26

what is non shivering thermgeneis

Answer 26

used to maintain body tem in hibernating animals

Question 27

what is a cpd that is hydrophobic enough after binding H+ to cross the membrane

Answer 27

2,4-dinitrophenol

Question 28

when does atp synthase stops

Answer 28

when FCCP interacts

Question 29

what is an atp synthase inhibitor

Answer 29

oligomycin A

Question 30

what does oligomycin A do

Answer 30

• antibiotic
  binds F0 complex
  blocks H_ flow thorugh F0 channel