Test 2- Endocrine

Question 1

Answer 1

hyperadrenocorticism

Clinical signs

􏰀 Alopecia (appears bilaterally

symmetrical)

􏰀 Polyphagia

􏰀 PU/PD

􏰀 Pot belly

􏰀 Stinks

Question 2

Answer 2

Adrenocortical…

• adenoma
• adenocarcinoma

Question 3

Answer 3

Adrenocortical carcinoma

Question 4

In dogs, adrenocortical tumors mostly arise from the

Answer 4

In dogs, adrenocortical tumors mostly arise from the zona fasciculata

Question 5

Answer 5

Another lesion you can observe due to hyperadrenocorticism… calcicutis cutis

Question 6

Question 7

Many adrenocortical neoplasms are

Answer 7

Many adrenocortical neoplasms are non productive (exact proportion not reported).

Roughly 50% benign/malig; Around 10% bilateral.

Question 8

If there is an adrenocortical tumor, will there be Cushing’s disease?

Question 9

Conn’s syndrome

Answer 9

Cat with “Conn’s syndrome”

Mineralocorticoids

Signs due to hyper- aldosteronism

􏰀 Hypertension

􏰀 Polymyopathy – due to hypernatremia and hypokalemia

Question 10

Ferret adrenal neoplasm

Answer 10

Signs due to hyper- estrogenism

􏰀 Alopecia
(appears bilaterally symmetrical)

􏰀 PU/PD

􏰀 Vulvar enlargement

􏰀 Anemia

􏰀 Endometrial/prostatic hyperplasia

Cortisol normal

Question 11

Question 12

Diffuse vs nodular adrenocortical hyperplasia….

Answer 12

Nodular adrenocortical hyperplasia is a senile change observed in many species.

Question 13

corticotroph

Answer 13

ACTH-secreting

Question 14

Corticotroph adenomas comprised of cells which can secrete

Answer 14

Corticotroph adenomas comprised of cells which can secrete ACTH.

Question 15

Most of the Cushings cases are dependent on what?

Answer 15

In dogs, ~85% of Cushing’s cases are “pituitary dependent” (secondary), ~15% “adrenal dependent” (primary).

Question 16

Pituitary adenomas in dogs

Answer 16

In dogs, the majority of pituitary adenomas are active and from the pars distalis>>intermedia.

Question 17

Where do most of the pit. adenomas arise from in horses?

Answer 17

In horses, most pituitary adenomas are from the pars intermedia, some produce ACTH.

Question 18

Question 19

PPID

Answer 19

􏰀 Hirsuitism (failure to shed)

􏰀 PU/PD

􏰀 Polyphagia

􏰀 Hyperhidrosis

􏰀 Insulin resistance

􏰀 Abnormal fat deposition

Question 20

Answer 20

Pituitary cyst in a German Shepherd puppy

Question 21

MDx:

Question 22

MDx:

Answer 22

thyroid hyperplasia

Question 23

not all proliferative endocrine lesions lead to

Answer 23

Important learning point – not all proliferative endocrine lesions lead to organ hyperfunction.

Question 24

HypoT

Answer 24

Gain in body weight without change in appetite

Bilaterally symmetrical alopecia, scaly skin

• Myxedema, atherosclerosis in severe cases

Question 25

Answer 25

HypoT

Question 26

cats and hyperthryoid

Answer 26

Most proliferative thyroid lesions in cats are productive.

Lesions underlying hyperT in cats:

‘Adenomatous’ hyperplasia or adenomas – most cases
Carcinoma – <5%

Bilateral lesions in around 70% of cats!

Question 27