Special senses terms

Question 1

Aqueous flare

Answer 1

An increase in protein content within the aqueous humor –> inc. light scatter

Question 2

Cataract

Answer 2

opacification of the lens

Question 3

Corneal edema

Answer 3

Injury to the corneal epithelium/endothelium/inflammation of the cornea -
“Blue eye” - Cloudy

Question 4

Dyscoria

Answer 4

Abnormality in shape of the pupil

Question 5

Keratic precipitates

Answer 5

Small clusters of macrophages/neutrophils adherent to corneal
endothelium - “speckles”

Question 6

Keratoconjunctivitis Sica

Answer 6

Dry eye

Question 7

Keratitis

Answer 7

Inflammation of the cornea

Question 8

Keratomalacia

Answer 8

Melting ulcer

Question 9

Neovascularization

Answer 9

small blood vessels forming a ring to injured area of cornea

Question 10

Conjunctivitis

Answer 10

Inflammation of the conjunctiva

Question 11

Chemosis

Answer 11

Severe conjunctival edema

Question 12

Staphyloma

Answer 12

Iris ruptured through descmet’s membrane and healed into the cornea (causing
a corneal pigmentation)

Question 13

Hypopyon

Answer 13

Accumulation of neutrophils and fibrin (exudate) that settles centrally within the
anterior chamber

Question 14

Gondiodsygenesis

Answer 14

Malformation of filtration angle

Question 15

Rubeosis Iridis

Answer 15

Reddening of the Iris

Question 16

Posterior Synechia

Answer 16

Fibrous adhesions between Iris & lens

Question 17

Anterior Synechia:

Answer 17

Fibrous adhesions between Iris & cornea

Question 18

Bupthalmus

Answer 18

Enlargement of the eye

Question 19

Blepharitis

Answer 19

Inflammation of the eyelid

Question 20

Blepharospasm

Answer 20

Involuntary tight closure of eyelids

Question 21

Phacolytic

Answer 21

Leakage of lens proteins from hyper mature cataract

Question 22

Phacoclastic

Answer 22

Rupture of lens

Question 23

Chalazion

Answer 23

Granulomatous inflammation directed against Meibomean gland

Question 24

Stye

Answer 24

Common name for bacterial infection of hair follicle/Meibomean gland (S. Aureus
usually)

Question 25

Phthisis bulbi

Answer 25

End stage eye --> Shrunken/atrophied/fibrotic eye

Question 26

Miosis

Answer 26

excessive constriction of the pupil

Question 27

Anterior uveitis

Answer 27

Inflammation of Iris & ciliary body (Iridis/cyclitis)

Question 28

Posterior uveitis

Answer 28

Inflammation of Choroid (choroiditis)

Question 29

Chorioretinitis

Answer 29

Inflammation of Choroid & retina

Question 30

Endophthalmitis

Answer 30

Inflammation of Uvea, Retina, and Vitreous (all interior structures)

Question 31

Panophthalmitis

Answer 31

Endophthalmitis + Cornea + Sclera (interior & outer covering)

Question 32

Hyphema

Answer 32

Blood in anterior chamber

Question 33

Cyclopia/Synopthalmos

Answer 33

Incomplete separation of the orbits during embryogenesis

Question 34

Anophthalmia

Answer 34

RARE, No detectable development even of primary optic vehicle

Question 35

Microphthalmia:

Answer 35

Miniature, disorganized globe in an orbit of relatively normal size

Question 36

Ankyloblepharon:

Answer 36

normal fusion of eyelids

Question 37

Distichia:

Answer 37

Ectopic row of cilia originating from the ducts of the Meibomean glands (usually bilateral)

Question 38

Ectropion

Answer 38

Outward gaping of eyelid margin, created by undue laxity of excessively long eyelids

Question 39

Entropion:

Answer 39

Inward rolling of eyelid margin because of inadequate overall length

Question 40

Trichiasis

Answer 40

Misdirection of normal cilia so that they contact the cornea

Question 41

Dermoid

Answer 41

portion of the cornea remains as skin with hair (failure of the fetal ectoderm to undergo complete "metaplasia")

Question 42

Coloboma

Answer 42

Notch like defects of optic disk, retina, and/or uvea --> defective closure of embryonic fissure (collie eye anomaly)

Question 43

Scleral Ectasia

Answer 43

Prevention of proper local formation of choroid & sclera/ bulging of sclera

Question 44

Ectopic cilia:

Answer 44

Abnormally placed cilia within laminar proprietary of conjunctiva

Question 45

Aniridia

Answer 45

Rare, anomaly of extreme Iris Hypoplasia

Question 46

Iris Bombe

Answer 46

Anterior bowing of the Iris - diffusely adhered to the lens