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EMT 106 > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Emphysema (COPD)

A
  • Usually thin
  • Sometimes a pink color to their skin (polycythemia)
  • Pursed lip breathing (positives end expiratory pressure (PEEP))
  • Wheezing or diminished lung sounds
  • Dry cough
  • May see home O2
  • May have a history of smoking
  • Chronically short of breath
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2
Q

COPD

A
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3
Q

Chronic Bronchitis

A

-Usually heavier
- Sometimes a bluish color to their skin
- Exessice sputum production
- May see home O2
- Chornically short of breath
- Rhonchi or diminished lung sounds

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4
Q

Pulmonary Embolism

A
  • Acute onset of UNEXPLAINED shortness of breath
  • Clear or possibly crackles for lung sounds
  • Recent history or surgery, sedentary life style or birth control pill
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5
Q

Pneumonia

A
  • Fever
  • Productive cough
  • Diminished or rhonchi for lung sounds
  • Recent history or illness
  • Green or yellow sputum production
  • Painful to breath
  • Tachypnea
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6
Q

Pulmonary edema

A
  • May have a history of heart disease
  • Acute onset of shortness of breath
  • Crackles for lung sounds
  • Pink frothy sputum in severe cases
  • May suffer from orthopnea (Inability to lay flat)
  • May see JVB (CHF)
  • May also see pedal edema (CHF)
  • Exertional dyspnea
  • Tachypnea
  • Tachycardia
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7
Q

Asthma

A
  • Acute onset of shortness of breath
  • History of asthma
  • Wheezing lung sounds (ominous if you hear no lung sounds)
  • Tripoding
  • Accessory muscle use
  • Tachypnea
  • Tachycardia
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8
Q

Pneumothorax

A
  • Shortness of breath
  • Pinpoint pain
  • Diminished lung sounds
  • Usually caused by penetrating trauam but can be a result of blunt force trauma
  • Tachypnea
  • Tachycardia
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9
Q

Tension pneumothorax

A
  • JVD
  • Tracheal deviation
  • Absent lung sounds
  • Hypotension
  • Poor skin signs
  • Severe shortness of breath
  • Tachypnea
  • Tachycardia
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10
Q

Hyperventilation

A
  • Rapid shallow (Sometimes) deep respirations
  • Carpal pedal spasms
  • Numbness and tingling (Especially to the face and extremities)
  • Situation causing emotional upset
  • May lead to a syncopal episode
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11
Q

Nasal Canula

A
  • 2-6LPM
  • Low flow oxygen
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12
Q

Non Rebreather mask

A
  • 10-15 LPM
  • High flow oxygen
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13
Q

Bag valve mask

A
  • 10-25 LPM
  • assisting in ventilations
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14
Q

Flow restrictive Oxygen Powered Ventilation Device

A
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15
Q

Myocardial Infarction

A
  • Chest discomfort
  • Non provoked
  • Shortness of breath
  • Nausea and or vomiting
  • Unrelieved with rest/ NTG
  • Poor skin signs
  • Hypotension
  • Pulmonary edema
  • JVD
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16
Q

Angina Pectoris

A
  • Chest discomfort radiating to Left arm or neck
  • cool, clammy skins , sweating profusely
  • Provoked by exertion
  • Low flow O2 (>94% O2 Sat)
  • Relieved with rest and NTG
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17
Q

Nitroglycerine

A
  • NTG
  • indication: chest pain/ discomfort; patient has prescription
  • contradictions: Viagra in past 24h, HR less than 50 or more than 100 BPM; 3 doses have been taken
  • Side affects: headache, BP drop, change in pulse rate
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18
Q

Metered Dose Inhaler

A
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19
Q

Oral Glucose

A
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20
Q

5 patient rights

A
  • Right patient
  • Right drug
  • Right dose
  • Right route
  • Right time
21
Q
A
22
Q

Hyperglycemia

A
  • Maybe altered
  • Warm dry skins
  • Kussmaul respirations
  • Fruity odor on breath
  • Polyuria
  • Polydipsia
  • Polyphagia
  • High blood sugar
  • Caused by not enough insulin to transport sugar
22
Q

Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA)

A
  • ALOC
  • Slurred speech
  • Unresponsive
  • Severe headache
  • New onset of seizures
  • Hemiparesis
  • Blurred vision
  • Nausea vomiting
  • Facial droop
  • May have airway compromise
  • Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale
  • Los Angeles prehospital Stroke Screen
22
Q

Seizures

A
  • Tonic/ Clonic type movement (grand mal)
  • “gazing off into space”
  • If a baby may be described as becoming “stiff” and turning “blue”
  • Maybe a febrile in nature
  • Protect the airway
  • Provide oxygen
  • Cool down is febrile in nature
  • Maybe by trauma or CVA
22
Q

Hypoglycemia

A
  • Insulin shock (EMERGENCY)
  • rapid onset
  • ALOC/ unresponsive
  • Maybe combative
  • Pale, cool skins
  • Known diabetic
  • Labored respirations
  • Normal BP, pulse
  • Low blood sugar
    (<60)
  • Caused by too much insulin, too little food, too much exercise/ stress
22
Q

5 Patient Rights

A
  • Right patient
  • Right drug
  • Right dose
  • Right route
  • Right time
23
Q

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

A
  • Symptoms same as hyperglycemia but blood sugar is above 600
  • Slow onset
  • Dry warm skins
  • Acetone breath (fruity odor)
  • Dehydrated
  • Hypotensive
  • Tachycardia
  • Nausea, vomiting
  • Pain
  • ALOC (eventually)
24
Q

TIA

A
  • Slurred speech
  • Facial droop
  • Hemiparesis
  • Blurred vision
  • Symptoms relieved within 24 hours but usually within minutes
25
Q

Appendicitis

A
  • Inflammation of appendix/ infection
  • Can lead to rupture, peritonitis, and shock
  • Umbilical pain becoming localized to RLQ
  • Fever
  • Nausea/ vomiting
  • Hypotensive
  • Rebound tenderness upon palpation
  • Poor skin signs
  • Positive Markle (pain in RLQ)
25
Q

Status Epilepticus

A
  • Life threatening
  • Seizure lasting 5 or more minutes or occur consecutively without regaining consciousness
  • Manage their airway and breathing
25
Q

AEIOU TIPS

A
  • Alcohol
  • Epilepsy
  • Insulin
  • Overdose
  • Urmia
  • Trauma
  • Infection
  • Psych
  • Stroke
26
Q

Cholecystitis

A
  • Inflammation of gallbladder/ gallstones
  • RUQ pain/ epigastric with referred pain to right shoulder
  • Intense pain, will projectile vomit
  • Usually occurs at night and with ingestion of fatty foods
  • Tenderness to RUQ
  • Belching/ heartburn
  • Nausea/ vomiting (green)
  • More common in ages 30-50
27
Q

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

A
28
Q

Gastrointestinal bleed

A
29
Q

Peritonitis

A
  • Inflammation of the peritoneum
  • Abdominal pain or tenderness
  • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
  • Fever and chills
  • Positive Markle
  • DOES NOT WANT TO MOVE
30
Q

Pancreatitis

A
  • Inflammation of pancreas/ infection, alcohol ingestion, gallstones
  • Abdominal pain in epigastric region
  • Nausea/ vomiting
  • Abdominal tenderness/ distention
  • Mild jaundice
  • Severe abdominal pain that may radiate from umbilical to back of shoulder
  • Fever
  • Tachycardia
  • Shock
31
Q

Esophageal varices

A
32
Q

Intestinal obstruction

A
33
Q

Glucagon

A
  • Converts glycogen into glucose
  • Produced in pancreas
34
Q

Glycogen

A
  • Stores unused glucose
  • Stores many simple glucose molecules together in the liver
35
Q

Insulin

A
  • Moves glucose/ sugar into cells
  • Secreted when glucose levels are high
  • Produced in pancreas
36
Q

Normal blood sugar

A

70- 140 mg/dl

37
Q

Diabetes

A
  • Absolute/ relative lack of insulin in the body
  • Characterized by: Deficiency of insulin/ inability of the body to respond to insulin
38
Q

Atherosclerosis

A
  • Fatty plaque build up
39
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A
  • Hardening of the arteries, mostly due to age
40
Q

Right sided Heart Failure

A
  • Systemic side
  • Cannot pump blood to the lungs
  • From right ventricle AMI or pulmonary hypertension
  • Lower extremity edema
  • JVD
  • Abdominal distension
  • Sit up/ dangle legs
  • High flow O2
41
Q
A
42
Q
A

EMT 106 (18 decks)

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