Medical Emergencies TWO

Question 1

Immune System

Answer 1

Body’s mechanism to fight off invasion by foreign

Question 2

Antigens

Answer 2

Foreign substance that produces a reaction, body will destroy it

Question 3

Allergens

Answer 3

Antigens that cause allergic reactions

Question 4

Sensitization

Answer 4

Exposure to an allergen that produces hypersensitivity

Question 5

Histamine

Answer 5

Released by MAST cells and basophils when they come in with antigens; causes classic allergic reaction S/S

Question 6

What are classic allergic reactions S/S

Answer 6

-Hives/ Itching/ Runny nose
- Vasodilation
- Bronchoconstriction
- Leaky capillaries

Question 7

Allergic reaction

Answer 7

Hives and urticaria. Usually localized

Question 8

Anaphylaxis

Answer 8

Mild symptoms + angioedema, bronchoconstriction, signs of shock

Question 9

Angioedema

Answer 9

• Lip/ Tongue/ Face swelling, difficulty swallowing, throat tightness, hoarse voice
• DEADLY

Question 10

Anaphylactoid reaction

Answer 10

Allergic reactions (or anaphylaxis if bad enough) with out prior sensitivity

Question 11

Anti bodies

Answer 11

Proteins made by the immunes system that search for antigens, combine with them, and then destroy them

Question 12

Epinephrine

Answer 12

• Reverses reaction by mimicking sympathetic response (turns off histamine/ does nothing to pre existing histamine)
• Bronchodilation
• Vasoconstriction
• Reverses capillary premeability

Question 13

Epi-pen Auto Injector Indications

Answer 13

• Allergic reaction/ anaphylaxis
• Mucosal signs
• Angioedema/ respiratory symptoms
• Poor perfusion

Question 14

Epi-pen Auto Injector Contraindictions

Answer 14

• None is administered for life threatening anaphylactic emergencies

Question 15

Epi-pen Auto Injector dose for adult

Answer 15

.3 mg

Question 16

Epi-pen Auto Injector dose for pedicatric

Answer 16

.15 mg

Question 17

Side effects of Epi-pen Auto Injector

Answer 17

• Tachycardia
• Dizzy/ excitability
• Chest pain
• Nausea/ vomiting

Question 18

Diabetes

Answer 18

• Absolute/ relative lack of insulin in the body
• Characterized by:
  -Deficiency of insulin
  
  • Inability of the body to responds to insulin

Question 19

Normal blood sugar

Answer 19

70- 140 mg/dl

Question 20

What issues can high blood sugar cause

Answer 20

• Kidney disease
• Blindness
• Blood vessel diseases

Question 21

Insulin

Answer 21

• Hormone allows glucose to enter cells
• Produced in pancreas

Question 22

What does insulin do

Answer 22

• Assists glucose to move from blood into cells
• Secreted when glucose levels are high

Question 23

Glycogen

Answer 23

Storage of unused glucose; Stores many simple glycose molecules together in the liver

Question 24

Glucagon

Answer 24

• Converts glycogen to glucose
• Produced in pancreas

Question 25

What does glucagon do

Answer 25

• Convert

Question 26

Hypoglycemia

Answer 26

Blood sugar less than 70mg/ dl with S/S of ALOC

Question 27

Hyperglycemia

Answer 27

Blood sugar greater than 200 mg/ dl