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EMT 106 > test 1 > Flashcards

test 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Abandonment

A

Failure to transfer patient to competent professional

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2
Q

Assault

A

Willful threat to inflict harm on patient

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3
Q

Battery

A

act of touching a patient unlawfully without consent

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4
Q

Negligence

A

EMT breaches their duty to act or deviated from standard of care

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5
Q

Good Samaritan Laws

A

Protects a person who is not being paid for their services for liability for acts performed in good faith unless those act constitute gross negligence

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5
Q

Duty to Act

A

legal obligation to provide service while on duty

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6
Q

Scope Of Practice

A

actions and care that EMT’s are legally allowed to perform

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7
Q

Informed/ Expressed Consent

A

Conscious, rational patient that consents to treatment

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8
Q

Implied Consent

A

patient that is unresponsive, disoriented, or and ill/injured minor would consent to care if conscious and rational

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9
Q

Involuntary Consent

A

cannot refuse care, mentally incompetent adult or person in custody

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10
Q

DNR

A

must be signed by patient and physician and presented

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11
Q

Emancipated Minor

A

married, pregnant/ parent, armed forces, financially independent, emancipated by court

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12
Q

Against Medical Advise (AMA)

A

patient that is competent to refuse care (ex: person, place, time, and event)

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13
Q

5150

A

Only physician and law enforcement can put a patient on hold. Person is danger to themselves/ others and or is gravely disabled

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14
Q

Superior Inferior Vena Cava

A

How blood from the body enters the heart

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15
Q

Right atrium

A

Upper section of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood

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16
Q

Tricuspid Valve

A

Blood from the right atrium passes through to reach the right ventricle

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17
Q

Right venticle

A

Lower half of the heart

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18
Q

Pulmonic valve

A

Opening to the pulmonary artery

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19
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

Pushes deoxygenated blood to the lungs

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20
Q

Lungs (aveoli)

A

Tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs

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21
Q

Pulmonary vein

A

Direct the newly oxygenated blood back to the heart from the lungs

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22
Q

left artium

A

Receives the oxygenated blood from the lungs

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23
Q

bicuspid valve

A

Connects the left atrium to the left ventricle, allows the blood to flow from atrium to ventricle

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24
Q

left ventricle

A

Strongest section of the heart. Pushes oxygenated blood to the whole body

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25
Q

Aortic valve

A

Opening to the aorta

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26
Q

Aorta

A

Main artery of the body

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27
Q

Arteries

A

Carries blood away from the heart

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28
Q

arterioles

A

Small kind of arteries, carry blood from arteries into the capillaries. Arteries get smaller further away from the heart

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29
Q

capillaries

A

Where the exchange of nutrients, gasses, and waste occurs. Connects arterioles to venules (small blood vessels)

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30
Q

venules

A

Smallest branch of veins, distal end of capillaries

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31
Q

veins

A

Carry blood back to the heart

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32
Q

coronary arteries

A

Supply the heart with blood

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33
Q

diastole

A

Heart muscles are relaxed, allowing for it to fill with blood

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34
Q

systole

A

Heart muscles contracts/ pumps, forcing the blood out

35
Q

PENMANN

A

Personal/ personnel safety
Environment
Number of patients
Mechanism of injury/ nature of Illness
Additional resources
Need for extrication
Need for c-spine

36
Q

SMNAS

A

Scene size up
Mechanism of injury
Number of patients
Additional resources
Spinal precautions

37
Q

OPQRST

A

Onset
Provocation
Quality
Radiation, Reoccurrence, region, relief

38
Q

SAMPLE

A

Signs/ Symptoms
Allergies
Medications
Past medical history
Last oral intake
Events leading up

39
Q

BRIM

A

Breathing
Response
Eyes
Motor

40
Q

When to use BRIM?

A

Altered level of consciousness
Breathing
Response
Eyes
Movement

41
Q

PREBELS

A

Pulse (rate: regular/ irregular, ; strength: strong/weak)
Respirations (full/ shallow; effective/ ?)
Blood pressure
Eyes
Lung sounds (rhonchi, crackles, clear, wheezing)
Skin signs (color, temp, moisture)

42
Q

Nose/ mouth

A

Bring in air to the body

43
Q

nasopharynx

A

Upper part of the pharynx, where air passes through

43
Q

oropharynx

A

Part of the pharynx thats lies between the palate and hyoid bone

44
Q

hypopharynx

A

Bottom part of pharynx. Starts behind the nose and ends at the trachea

45
Q

epigolttis

A

Flexible cartilage that forms a flap that protects the glottic opening from food or liquids

46
Q

glottic opening

A

space between the true vocal cords

47
Q

trachea

A

Windpipe, made of smooth muscle and dense connective tissue and is reinforced with cartilage rings to maintain tube shape

48
Q

carina

A

Mucus membrane in the trachea and larynx, triggers cough reflex to prevent chocking

49
Q

Bronchi

A

Distal end of the trachea, branches into two main tubes

50
Q

Bronchioles

A

Smaller branches of bronchi lined with smooth muscle to constrict and dilate

51
Q

alveoli

A

At the end of bronchioles are tiny air sacs and capillaries

52
Q

Internal respiration

A

Transfer of gas between blood and tissue

53
Q

External respiration

A

Gas exchange between air and blood lungs alveoli

54
Q

How to prove negligence?

A

duty to act, duty to act was breached, patient suffered and injury, injury is related to breach of duty to act

55
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

Striated muscle, voluntary, attached by tendons

56
Q

Smooth muscle

A

Non- straited muscle, involuntary, found in organs (respiratory tract, blood vessels, intestinal walls)

57
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

Specialized involuntary muscle only found in the heart, only muscle with automaticity (produce an impulse), has its own blood supply

58
Q

What are signs/ symptoms of inadequate breathing

A

Tripod, accessory muscle use, retraction, nasal flaring, agitation, altered level of consciousness, cyanosis, tachypnea, apnea, dyspnea

59
Q

What is the function of the integumentary system?

A

It is the largest body system. It protects the body, regulates temp

60
Q

How many layers to the skin?

A

Three layers.
Epidermis: outer most layer
Dermis: much thicker layer it is rich in blood, contains hair follicles, sweat glands, oil glands, and sensory nerves
Subcutaneous layer: fatty tissue that varies in thickness

61
Q

What are the components of blood?

A

Red blood cells (Carry nutrients/ dispose of waste)
White blood cells (Kill foreign organisms)
Platelets (Create blood clots)
Plasma (liquid part of blood)

62
Q

What is the Central Nervous system?

A

Made of the brain and spinal cord. The control center of the nervous system

63
Q

What is the Peripheral Nervous system?

A

Part of the nervous system that is outside of the brain and spinal cord. Carry sensory information to the brain and spinal cord

64
Q

What is the voluntary nervous system responsible for?

A

Controls skeletal muscles/ movement, you think about these movements

65
Q

What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for?

A

Influences the activities of the smooth muscles

66
Q

What is in the RUQ?

A

Liver (S)
Part of pancreas (S)
Gallbladder (H)

67
Q

What is in the LUQ?

A

Stomach (H)
Most of pancreas (S)
Spleen (S)
Part of the liver (S)

68
Q

What is in the RLQ?

A

Appendix
Intestines

69
Q

What is in the LLQ?

A

Intestines

70
Q

Auscultate

A

To listen

71
Q

Palpate

A

To feel

72
Q

What is the function of the skeletal system?

A

Provides framework to the body and protects vital organs

73
Q

What are the components of the skeletal system?

A

Frame work of the body. Consist of bones and connective tissues (cartilage, tendons, and ligaments)

74
Q

Signs/ symptoms that you are providing adequate ventilations?

A

Improvement in skins, return of heart rate to normal range, ventilating at proper rate for patient

75
Q

Signs/ symptoms that you are providing inadequate ventilations?

A

No improvement in skins and heart rate, abnormal movement, and irregular breath pattern

76
Q

Cerebellum

A

“small brain” posterior and inferior parts of the cranium, coordinates muscle activity and balance through the eyes and ears

77
Q

Cerebrum

A

Outer portion of the brain, takes up most of the cranium cavity. Controls sensation, thought, speech, and associative memory. Also controls the movements that are conscious control

78
Q

Perfusion

A

Delivery of oxygen, glucose, and nutrients to tissue, and the elimination of waste

79
Q

Alpha 1

A

Constricts blood vessels

80
Q

Alpha 2

A

Regulates Alpha 1 effects

81
Q

Beta 1

A

Increases heart rate, force, and automaticity

82
Q

Beta 2

A

Dilates smooth muscle

83
Q

Spinal column

A

Cervical (7)
Thoracic (12)
Lumbar (5)
Sacrum (5)
Coccyx (4)

84
Q

AED shockable rhythms

A

Ventricular fibrillation (v-fib)
Pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pulseless v-tach)

85
Q

Coronary arteries receive blood from?

A

Diastole

EMT 106 (18 decks)

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