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EMT 106 > Pediatrics > Flashcards

Pediatrics Flashcards

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1
Q

Caregiver

A
  • Listen to, and support, the caregivers
    • Calm caregivers = calm child
    • Agitated caregivers = agitated child
  • Keep caregiver informed
  • Remain calm, caregivers are watching you for support
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2
Q

Development stages

A
  • Neonate (birth- 1m)
  • Infant (1m -1y)
  • Toddlers (1-2y)
  • Preschoolers (3-5 y)
  • School age and pre-adolescent (6-12 y)
  • Adolescent (12-18y)
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3
Q

Neonate

A
  • Birth to one month
  • Completely dependent on caregivers
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4
Q

Infant

A
  • One month to one year
  • Less than 6 months: can you recognize caregivers face and voice
  • Over 6 months: do not like to be taken from caregivers (Let caregivers hold child during assessment)
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5
Q

Toddler

A
  • 1-2 years
  • Do not like
    • To be touched
    • To be taken from caregiver
    • Having clothing removed
  • Fear of pain
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6
Q

Preschoolers

A
  • 3-5 years
  • Believe illness or injury is their fault
  • Have caregiver hold child on their lap
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7
Q

School age and pre-adolescents

A
  • 6-12 years
  • Modest
  • Fear permanent injuries and disfigurement
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8
Q

Adolescents

A
  • 12-18 years
  • Preoccupied by their bodies and are modest
  • Capable of hysterical reactions to event
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9
Q

PAT

A

Pediatric Assessment Triangle
- Appearance
- Work of breathing
- Circulation

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10
Q

Appearance

A
  • Tone: assess muscle tone
  • Interactivity and irritability: Alert or disinterested in event?
  • Consolability: Can child be consoled by caregiver
  • Look or gaze: Is there a “nobody home” look on the child’s face?
  • Speech or cry: Good strong cry or speech pattern?
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11
Q

Work of Breathing

A
  • Abnormal sounds
  • Abnormal posture or position
  • Retractions
  • Nasal flaring
  • Head bobbing
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12
Q

Circulation

A
  • Pallor
  • Mottling
  • Cyanosis
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13
Q

PAT findings

A
  • Respiratory distress
  • Respiratory failure
  • Compensated shock
  • Decompensated shock
  • Brain Injury
  • Cardiopulmonary failure
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14
Q

Respiratory DISTRESS

A

Appearance: Normal
Work of breathing: Abnormal
Circulation: Normal

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15
Q

Respiratory FAILURE

A

Appearance: Abnormal
Work of breathing: Abnormal
Circulation: Normal or Abnormal

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16
Q

Compensated shock

A

Appearance: Normal
Work of Breathing: Normal
Circulation: Abnormal

17
Q

Decompensated shock

A

Appearance: Abnormal
Work of breathing: Normal or abnormal
Circulation: Abnormal

18
Q

Brain Injury

A

Appearance: Abnormal
Work of breathing: Abnormal
Circulation: Abnormal

19
Q

Cardiopulmonary Failure

A

Appearance: Abnormal
Work of breathing: Abnormal or Absent
Circulation: Abnormal

20
Q

Croup

A

Common infection of the upper airway
- usually viral
- 6 months to 4 years
- Swelling of the glottis

21
Q

SXSX Croup

A
  • Stridor in inhalation
  • Seal bark cough
22
Q

Epiglottitis

A

Swelling of the epiglottis
- Bacterial
- 2 to 7 years
- Life threatening emergency

23
Q

SXSX Epiglottitis

A
  • Painful swallowing
  • High fever
  • Drooling
  • Stridor
24
Q

Asthma

A

Narrowing of airway due to edema and mucus production
- Reversible
- Has definite cause and is REPEATABLE
- Patient is little older and has a repeatable cause of wheezing

25
Q

SXSX Asthma

A
  • Shortness of breath
  • Wheezing
26
Q

Bronchiolitis

A

Narrowing of airway due to swelling/ viral infection/ RSV (Respiratory Syncytial virus)
- Usually happens to the very young/ less than 2 years of age

27
Q

SXSX Bronchiolitis

A
  • Similar s/s to asthma
  • Patient is very young and has a viral infection
28
Q

Seizures

A

Fever is most common cause of seizures in children

29
Q

Treatment Seizures

A
  • Strip child down to diaper
  • Give sponge bath with a cloth soaked with tepid (Luke warm) water
  • Watch for shivering!
30
Q

BRUE/ ALTE

A

Brief Resolved Unexplained Event/ Apparent Life Threatening Event
- Children is less than one year

31
Q

BRUE/ ALTE Examples

A
  • Cyanosis or Pallor
  • Absent, decreased, or irregular breathing
  • Changes in muscle tone
  • ALOC
32
Q

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

A
  • Children less than one year of age
    • Most common in 2-4 months
  • Crib death
  • Death of a child with no cause found on autopsy
33
Q

Child Abuse

A

Indicators:
- Multiple bruises in various stages of healing
- Multiple injuries/ unusual wound patterns
- Fearful child
- Injuries don’t match MOI

  • if suspected, alert law enforcement at scene and hospital staff
  • Contact child protective services (CPS)
    -Immediately by phone
    • Written report send in to CPS in 36 hours

EMT 106 (18 decks)

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