Teratogens

Question 1

ACE + ARB

Answer 1

Renal damage

Question 2

Aminoglycosides

Answer 2

Oto-tox

Question 3

Anti-epileptic drugs: valproate, carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital

Answer 3

B/c folate antag - neural tube defects - if mom has to stya on this drug, you need to + high dose folate supplement
CArdiac defects
Cleft palate
Skeletal abnormalities

Question 4

Diethylstilbestrol

Answer 4

Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma

Congenital Mullerian anomalies

Question 5

TMP, MTX

Answer 5

Aka anti-folate drugs = neural tube defects

Question 6

Isotretinoin

Answer 6

Vit A -> many defects and high rate spon abortion

Must be on birth control to be on acutane

Question 7

Lithium

Answer 7

Ebstein’s anomoly = atrialization of the RV

Question 8

Methimazole

Answer 8

For hyperT -> stop peroxidase rxns in colloid

Aplasia cutis congenita - hole on top of your head doesn’t close

Question 9

Tetracyclines

Answer 9

Discolored teeth
Inhibit bone growth
Teeth-racycline

Question 10

Thalidomide

Answer 10

1950s for AM sickness -> limb defects
Tha-limb-domide
Now used in cancer

Question 11

Warfarin

Answer 11

Small and lipophilic molecule so crosses placenta -> bone, hemorrhage, eye
Instead use HWM heparin

Question 12

Cocaine

Answer 12

Placenta abruption b/c vasoconstrictor

Question 13

Smoking

Answer 13

Nicotine = vasoconstrict; CO impairs O2 delivery to fetus
Low birth weight
Early deliverly
Placental problems

Question 14

Maternal diabetes

Answer 14

Caudal regression syndrome - anal atresia to sirenomelia (mermaid baby)
Transposition of the great vessels

Question 15

Mercury (why no raw fish)

Answer 15

Neurotox

Question 16

Second hand smoke effects on newborn

Answer 16

SIDS
Otits media
Asthma

Question 17

Valproate

Answer 17

Neural tube defects (-celes)