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LCK STEP > CHAPTER: Immuno > Flashcards

CHAPTER: Immuno Flashcards

1
Q

Mutation, presentation, findings XL agammaglobulinemia

A

X BTK = X tyrosine kinase = X B cells
**NO Abs (vs CVID with ↓Ig)
> 6 mo, bacterial (IgG), entero + Giardia (IgA) infections
No LNs or tonsils

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2
Q

Presentation, findings IgA def

A

Mucosal infections
Normal IgG + IgM
If Celiac pt has IgA def - IgG will cause derm hepetiformis

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3
Q

Presentation, findings, complications CVID

A 
Only affects B cells: ↓Ig of all classes (low not no Abs)
Same problem as AL-Agamma: 
1. X IgG: bacterial
2. X IgA: entero + Giardia 
↑AI + lymphoma
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4
Q

Mutation, presentation, findings AD hyper IgE syndrome (Job)

A 
STAT 3 mutation -> X Th17 cells (type Th)
↓Neutrophil to infection sites
↑IgE
**Retained primary teeth**
Abscess are cold - no neutrophils!
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5
Q

Mutation, presentation, findings ataxia telangiectasia

A

ATM gene -> bad DNA repair

  1. Ataxia (cerebellar atrophy) + telang
  2. ↓ IgA, G, E
  3. ↑AFP
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6
Q

What T cell disorder might present after BGC admin?

A

IL 12 R def = AR

If can’t bind IL 12, ↓Th1 –> ↓IFNg

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7
Q

3 causes of SCID

A
  1. ADA def (AR)
  2. IL 2 R defect (XL)
  3. MHC 2 def = bare lymphocyte syndrome
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8
Q

2 immunodef w/ absent thymic shadow

A

DiGeorge - X thymus or PT - no T cells

SCID - no thymus or germinal centers in LNs

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9
Q

Mutation, presentation, findings hyper IgM

A

XL recessive - no CD40L
Can’t class switch B cells after binding Th
Only IgM

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10
Q

Mutation, presentation, findings Wiskott Aldrich

A 
XL recessive WAS gene 
T cells can't bind cytoskeleton 
WATER
Wisckott
Ald
TCP
Eczema 
Recurrent infection: ↑IgE, A
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11
Q

Disease w/ delayed umbilical cord sep

A

LAD - no integrins = can’t bring neutrophils into infection sites
No CD 18 = integrins
↑neutrophils in blood (lose the marginated pool in lungs)

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12
Q

Disease presenting with:

  1. Albinism
  2. Peripheral neuropathy
  3. Infection
A

Chediak Higashi
MT problem
Giant cells in blood cells @ bone marrow biopsy (pancytopenia b/c nothing can get out)

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13
Q

What T cell mediated acute vs chronic transplant rejection

A

Acute: CD 8
Chronic: CD 4

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14
Q

Lung, heart, kidney, and liver presentation of chronic rejection

A 
Lung = bronchiolitis obliterans
Heart = faster atherosclerosis
Kidney = nephropathy 
Liver = obliterate bile duct
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15
Q

Post blood transfusion pt has low BP, flank pain, hemoglobinuria, and jaundice - what is going on?

A

You gave them the wrong ABO
Acute hemolytic transfusion rxn
Intra + extravas hemolysis
T2 HST

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16
Q

Post blood transfusion pt has low BP, bronchospasm, shock

A

You can IgA def pt blood with IgA in serum

Anaphylaxis + epi

17
Q

Post blood transfusion pt has fever, headache, chills - what is going on?

A

Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion rxn

T2 HST - host Ab vs donor HLA (even though properly matched)

18
Q

What is the arthus rxn

A

T3 HST
You inject antigen into skin - person has IgG against that
Deposit of ICs -> edema, necrosis, complement activation

19
Q

Difference between Salk and Sabin vaccine

A 
Salk = sulky goth teen - killed vaccine
Sabin = live attenuated
20
Q

What does pyocyanin of pseudomonas do?

A

Make ROS to kill competing microbes

21
Q

What does lactoferrin do?

A

In secretory fluids + neutrophils

X microbes by chelating Fe that the bugs need to survive

22
Q

2 substances released that mediate pain vs fever

A

Pain: PGE2 + bradykinin
Fever: IL1 + TNF -> ↑PGE2 @ hypothalmus

23
Q

What is the Hageman factor? 3 pathways it activates

A

= F7, activates:

  1. DIC
  2. Kinin -> bradykinin
  3. Complement
24
Q

Describe 3 steps of antigen indep Ab diversity

A 
1. Recomb
VJ = light chain
VDJ = heavy chain
2. Tdt randomly adds nucleotides 
3. Random combo of heavy + light chains
25
Q

Name 2 steps of antigen dep Ab diversity

A
  1. @ variable region = SHM + affinity maturation

2. @ constant region (Fc) = isotype switching

26
Q

2nd signal for CD4 or 8 T binding dendritic cell

A

CD 28 // B7

27
Q

2nd signal for Th + B cell binding

A

CD 40 / CD 40 L

Without - hyper IgM

28
Q

Where is the antigen loaded onto MHC 1 vs 2 in the cell?

A

MHC 1 @ RER after delivery via TAP

MHC 2 = after invariant chain release from acidified endosome

LCK STEP (27 decks)

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