Temporal Bone Flashcards
1. Identify the external features of the temporal bone 2. Identify the internal features of the temporal bone 3. Identify the auditory ossicles associated with the temporal bone 4. Identify the bones that articulate with the temporal bone 5. Identify the sutures of the temporal bone
Temporal bone is important for
Mastication, taste, hearing, and ability to maintain balance
The temporal bone is composed of these 2 parts
Squamous portion (body) Petrous portion
Petrous portion houses the ____ and helps form the _____
inner ear, basicrania
T/F: The petrous portion is one of the thickest and toughest parts of the cranium
True
The 5 bones the temporal bone articulates with
occipital parietal Sphenoid zygomatic Mandible
Located immediately behind the mastoid process. Origin site for posterior belly of the digastric muscle
Digastric groove
Air-cell filled projection of bone. Projects downward behind the ear and serves as an attachment site for the posterior belly of the digastric and the sternocleidomastoid muscles. The air cells help equalize pressure in the middle ear
Mastoid Process
An indentation in the temporal bone, forms the jugular foramen when paired with the jugular notch of the occipital bone
Jugular notch
Medial and anterior to the jugular notch; it is the entrance point of the internal carotid artery
Carotid foramen
Downward-projecting fingerlike extensions of the temporal bone. It serves as a point of attachment for al head and neck muscles with the word stylo in them
Styloid process
Immediately posterior to the styloid process and anterior to the mastoid process. It allows for the motor branch of the facial nerve to exit out of the cranium to innervate the muscles of the facial expression
Stylomastoid foramen
What nerve runs through stylomastoid foramen
motor branch of the facial nerve
Around which the fleshly auricle of the ear is attached to channel sound into the inner ear
External auditory meatus
External acoustic meatus (EAM)
The half of the temporal bone that joins with the malar/zygomatic bone to form the zygomatic arch, commonly called the cheek bone
Zygomatic process of temporal bone
The depression into which the mandibular condyle will articulate
Temporomandibular Fossa
Opening within the petrous part of the temporal bone to allow CN VII (facial nerve) and CN VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve) to exit the cranial cavity
Internal acoustic/auditory meatus/foramen
CN VII
Facial nerve
CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear nerve
One of the strongest and thickest parts of the skull. It houses the middle and inner ear structures that allow for hearing and balance
Petrous portion of temporal bone
Formed by the jugular notch of the temporal bone and the jugular notch of the occipital bone
Jugular foramen
Allows for the internal jugular vein to exit the cranial cavity
Jugular foramen
Allows for Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), the vagus nerve (CN X), and the spinal accessory nerve (CN X1) to exit the skull
Jugular foramen
These structures run through it Glossopharyngeal Nerve (CN IX) Vagus Nerve (CN X) Spinal Accessory Nerve (CN X1) Internal Jugular Vein
Jugular foramen
Internal carotid artery enters the skull through this foramen
Carotid Foramen
Trigeminal ganglion rests on the temporal bone
Trigeminal depression
In the tympanic cavity is housed by the
Petrous part of the temporal bone
“hammer”
First ossicle in the chain
Attached to the tympanic membrane
Rounded head articulate with the incus
Malleus
“anvil”
Located in the middle of the chain
Articulated with both the malleus and staped
Incus
“stirrup”
Located at the end of the chain
Base is attached to the oval window
Stapes
5 bones the temporal bone articulates with
Parietal Occipital Sphenoid Mandible Zygomatic
Name the sutures of the temporal bone
Squamosal (parietal to temporal)
Occipitomastoid (temporal to occipital)
Sphenosquamosal (sphenoid to temporal)
Zygomaticotemporal (zygomatic to temporal)
This part of the temporal bone is pneumatized
Mastoid
What foramen is found in the temporal bone?
carotid canal
Internal acoustic foramen/meatus