Sphenoid

Question 1

The functions of this bone are:

• large contribution to the floor of the cranium
• United the neurocranium and viscerocranium (bridging bones)
• Strengthens side of the skull

Answer 1

Sphenoid bone

Question 2

Overlies the sphenoid sinus and houses the pituitary gland

Answer 2

Sella turcica of the sphenoid bone

Question 3

Part of the lesser wing of the sphenoid, serves as an attachment site for the dural covering of the brain and allows for dura to form a tent over the pituitary gland

Answer 3

Anterior Clinoid Process of sphenoid bone

Question 4

Attachments sit for the dural covering of the brain - allows dura to form a tent over the pituitary gland

Answer 4

Posterior clinoid process

Question 5

Air-filled within the body of the sphenoid bone; deepest sinus in the head; lined with a mucus membrane

Answer 5

Sphenoid sinus

Question 6

Attachment sites for muscles of mastication (medial & lateral)

Answer 6

pterygoid process

Question 7

What is located directly below the sella turcica

Answer 7

sphenoid sinus

Question 8

Sphenoid bone makes up a large proportion of the posterior ___ wall. It is mainly composed of the (greater/lesser) wing of the sphenoid.

Answer 8

orbital, greater

Question 9

T/F: The lesser and greater wings of the sphenoid are present in the posterior wall of the orbit

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Located between greater and lesser wings; transmits the following soft tissue structures:
CN III, IV, V, VI, V1, Superior opthalmic vein

Answer 10

Superior orbital fissure

Question 11

The superior orbital fissure allows for the passage of which nerves?

Answer 11

CN III - Oculomotor Nerve
CN IV - Trochlear Nerve
CN V - Trigeminal Nerve
CN VI - Abducens Nerve

CN V1 (Opthalmic nerve)
Superior opthalmic vein

Question 12

The superior orbital fissure allows for the passage of what vein?

Answer 12

Superior opthalmic vein

Question 13

Located between greater wing of sphenoid and orbital plate of maxilla.

Answer 13

Inferior orbital fissure

Question 14

Exit for V2 (infraorbital nerve), inferior opthalmic vein

Answer 14

Inferior orbital fissure

Question 15

Most medial foramen on either side of the sphenoid

Answer 15

Foramen rotundum

Question 16

Transmits CN V2

Answer 16

Foramen rotundum

Question 17

Ovoid in shape, transmits CN V3 (mandibular nerve)

Answer 17

Foramen Ovale

Question 18

Transmits CN V3

Answer 18

Foramen Ovale

Question 19

Serves as an entrance foramen. Allows middle meningeal artery into the skull

Answer 19

Foramen Spinosum

Question 20

Foramen Spinosum allows for the passage of this artery into the skull.

Answer 20

Middle meningeal artery

Question 21

Appears as an actual hole in skeletal form, but is actually partially covered in cartilage

Answer 21

Foramen lacerum

Question 22

Formed by the sphenoid, the apex of the petrous portion of the temporal bone, and the basilar part of the occipital bone

Answer 22

Foramen Lacerum

Question 23

The part that is patent allows exit of the artery and nerve to the pterygoid canal and the greater petrosal nerve

Answer 23

Foramen Lacerum

Question 24

Some emissary veins pass through here and because of their connection to the pterygoid plexus, they can carry infections intracranially to the cavernous sinus

Answer 24

Foramen Lacerum

Question 25

Optic canal, Superior orbital fissure, and inferior orbital fissure are located in the ____ but are part of the _____ bone

Answer 25

Orbit, sphenoid

Question 26

Looking inferiorly into the skull, which foramens can be seen?

Answer 26

Foramen ovale, foramen spinosum and foramen lacerum

Question 27

T/F: Foramen rotundum can only be seen from the superior aspect of the skull

Answer 27

True

Question 28

Pterior is an H shaped connection located at the intersection of these 4 bones

Answer 28

Temporal, frontal, parietal, and sphenoid

Question 29

Middle meningeal artery passes immediately deep to it

Answer 29

Pterion

Question 30

A blow to this region can quickly result in an extradural bleed and death if medical attention is not sought immediately

Answer 30

Pterion

Question 31

There are _ bones the sphenoid articulates with

Answer 31

9

Question 32

There are _ suture of the sphenoid bone

Answer 32

8

Question 33

The sphenoid bone articulates with these bones

Answer 33

Frontal
Parietals
Temporals
Occipital
Ethmoid
Palatines
Zygomatics
Maxillae
Vomer

Question 34

Sutures of the sphenoid bone

Answer 34

Sphenofrontal
Sphenoparietal
Sphenosquamosal
Sphenoethmoid
Sphenopalatine
Sphenozygomatic
Sphenomaxillary
Sphenovomer

Question 35

The opthalmic nerve (CN V1) exits the cranial cavity through this opening

Answer 35

Superior orbital fissure

Question 36

CN V1

Answer 36

Opthalmic nerve

Question 37

CN V3

Answer 37

Mandibular nerve

Question 38

The abducens nerve (CN VI) exits the cranial cavity through this opening

Answer 38

Superior orbital fissure

Question 39

The oculomotor nerve (CN III) exits the cranial cavity through this opening

Answer 39

Superior orbital fissure

Question 40

The maxillary nerve (CN V2) exits the cranial cavity through this opening

Answer 40

Foramen Rotundum

Question 41

CN V2

Answer 41

Maxillary nerve but also have infraorbital nerve that branches off of it

Question 42

The middle meningeal artery enters the cranial cavity through this opening

Answer 42

Foramen Spinosum

Question 43

Infraorbital nerve (CN V2) exits out of which fissure

Answer 43

Inferior orbital fissure

Question 44

What nerve does CN V2 (infraorbital nerve) branch off of?

Answer 44

Maxillary nerve (CN V2)