temp Flashcards
what bld does the green code apply to?
residential new construction or remodels
ALL…but alterations/additions have really small sections
non residential new construction or remodels
non residential additions of 1,000 sf or more
non residential alterations of $200,000 or more
things the OPR does?
adopts general plan guidelines
CEQA drafting
CEQA (state clearing house) state level review
B202 admin
B202 procedures to get info
B202 important info
B202 report
B202 supplemental services
B203 admin
B203 important info
B203 report
- B202 administration
1. coord your work with owners consultants
2. schedule your work
3. opinion on owners budget & schedule
B202 procedures to determine report items
- admin process
- owner goals
- data gather
- data analysis
- initial and final report
B202 important info for report
1. Space, sound,light (eff, relations, looks)
2, Security/communication
3. equipment
B202 report
- owner goals
- methods/facts
- summary/conclusions
- diagrams, flows, photos of site, matrices showing space allowcation/relations
B202 supplemental services
- B203 (including detail facility eval &. prelim design, cost, scheduling/hearings)
- site/master
- market
- questionnaires/surveys, FF&E inventory and program
B203 administration
1. coord your work with owners consultants
2. schedule your work
B203 important info for report
- review owner objectives
- site eval (codes, utilities, circ, conditions)
- bld eval (codes, utilities, circ, conditions)
- context/historic.
- environmental requirements
- concept/cost of work/ hearings
B203 report
- owner goals
- methods/facts
- summary/conclusions
- Definition of Covered Multi-Family housing:
- Definition of Townhouse:
- Can a townhouse also be multi-family?
- (2) apt / (3) condo townhouse
- code version
- acc version
- acc details - (3) apt / (4) condo townhouse (or more)
- code version
- acc version
- acc details - (3) apt / (4) condo, flats, no elev
- code version
- acc version
- acc details - (3) apt / (4) condo, flats, elev
- code version
- acc version
- acc details - (3) apt / (4) condo, multi unit, no elev
- code version
- acc version
- acc details - (3) apt / (4) condo, multi unit, elev
- code version
- acc version
- acc details - can mobility units be multi-story?
- max stories for 11a building w/o elevator?
- max stories for 11b building w/o elevator?
- how can 11b units exits in bld without elevators.
———old——————————-
1102A.3 Multistory dwellings.
1102A.3.1 Multistory apartment or condominium dwellings in buildings with no elevator.
what bld does this apply to?
how many need to be accessible?
What parts of these units need to be accessible?
Requirements for UNITS not on entry level?
bbbbbb—————————————————————
1102A.3.2 Multistory dwelling units in buildings with
elevator
cccccc———————————————————–
11A covered multi-family bld units require to be accessible in bld without elevator?
ddddd——————————————————-
COVERED MULTIFAMILY DWELLINGS. [HCD 1-AC]
eeeeee——————————
11B-233.3.1.2.4 Multistory residential dwelling
units in buildings with one or more elevators
ffffffffff——————————
11B-233.3.1.2.5 Multistory residential dwelling
units in buildings with no elevator.
GGGGG
tie together……
-what counts as a covered multi-family unit?
-do all covered muti-family units need to be on an accessible route
helpful fact…townhouses can be coverd…all covered on 1st foor or elevator floor to be adaptable //EXCPECT code says multi-story units can comply with diff section…
- Definition of Covered Multi-Family housing:
- (3) apt/ (4) condos (fire walls dont count). only ground floor units count in on elev buildings - Definition of Townhouse:
- single family foundation to roof f, own egress, open space 2+ sides, attached - Can a townhouse also be multi-family?
yes–90% sure - (2) apt / (3) condo townhouse
- code version: CRC
- acc version: CRC ….so like none
- acc details: CRC…. so like none - (3) apt / (4) condo townhouse (or more)
- code version: CRC
- acc version: 11a (cause multi-fam)
- acc details: 10% ground floor units acc + powder room - (3) apt / (4) condo, flats, no elev
- code version: CBC
- acc version: 11a
- acc details: all ground floor units 11a adaptable (bc ground = covered) - (3) apt / (4) condo, flats, elev
- code version: CBC
- acc version: 11a
- acc details: all units (bc covered) - (3) apt / (4) condo, multi unit, no elev
- code version: CBC
- acc version: 11a
- acc details: 10% units acc ground floor + power room - (3) apt / (4) condo, multi unit, elev
- code version: CBC
- acc version: 11a
- acc details: all units = acc 1st level + power + kitchen - can mobility units be multi-story…not without its own elevator. all room accessible.
- max stories for 11a building w/o elevator? 4 stores (chapter 10 egress requires one or some tricks for more than 4 stories above level of exit)
- all 11b need an elevator with a few exceptions
- private funds, 2 story
- private funds, 3000 sf max floors
- few other private fund less common - 11B mobility units only apply to the mobility units and spaces serving the unit. so if mobility units are on the ground floor and there are no common spaces above the bld would not need an elevator (the all 11b bld need an elevator does not apply here because its only the mobility units that need to comply with very specific portions of 11 b and an accessible route to those units)
California Natural Resource Agency:
Departments I care about?
CEQA trustee agencies
- Dpt of Fish and Wildlife
- Department of parks and Rec
- Department of Water resources
- Department of Forestry and Fire Protection
CEQA trustee
- Dpt of Fish and Wildlife
- Department of parks and Rec
- State Lands Commission
- UC CA
What kind of projects are design professional liens not available on?
single family owner occupied under $100,000 construction cost
Steps to file a mechanics lien?
What is the timing on enforcing the mechanics lien?
- Send Preliminary notice to preserve lien right within 20days of proving labor or material (for everyone except GC and Architect)
- Send owner notice of Mechanics lien (certified mail)
- Record mechanics lien County Recorders office in county of PROJECT (can come immediately after owner notice)
- Enforce mechanics lien file filing a lawsuit to force foreclosure.
FORECLOSURE CORDING timing:
before owner files “notice of cessation”: 90 days
After owner files “notice of cessation”
- 60 days for Prime contracts (and Architect I assume)
- 30 days for subcontractors
LAWSUIT ENFORCEMENT 90 days after filing but can be mutually extended to no more than 1 year
National standards tests you should know about
ANSI?
ASTM?
NFPA?
UL?
ANSI . A117.1 accessibility stantards (now ANSI/ICC)
ASTM E84 . flame spread index tunnel test
ASTM E119. fire resistance rating test for walls, doors, etc (1hr-4hr)
NFPA 252 . doors
NFPA 257 . windows
NFPA 265. corner burn test for textiles
NFPA 285 . exterior non bearing wall components
NFPA 286 . corner burn test for walls/ceilings
UL 263 comp to ASTM E119
UL 10B and 10C comp to NFPA 252
Health and Safety Code:
What sub codes is Arch mostly concerned with? 5
Health and Safety Code:
- Essential Services Buildings Seismic Safety Act
- Hospital Facilities Seismic Safety Act
- California Code of Regulations Title 24
- Air resources
- CA Retail Food Code
Health and Safety Code:
Air Resources..what does this code section do?
Health and Safety Code:
it gives responsibility to the State Air resource board. and also is where it is specified the regional AQMD are in control of air polution of everything excpet vehicles which are handled by the State Air Resources Board
CCA is under what code:
CEQA is under what code:
Air Resources is under what code:
CCA is under what code: public resource code
CEQA is under what code: public resource code
Air Resources is under what code: Health and Saftey
California Coastal Act:
Who has permitting authority for most coastal projects?
Who can overturn this?
What types of projects are permitted by a different authority and which authority is that? 5
California Coastal Act:
Local government under the LCP.
The CCC has appeal authority of the local govs
CCC directly permits projects that:
- greatest disrtance of the following…to 1st public road, 300’ from beach edge, 300’ from top edge of bluff, 300’ from mean high tide (because sometimes there is no beach)
- tidelands
- submerged lands
- public trust lands
- Major pubic works or Energy facility
State Land Commission stops were at sea?
-on land?
CCC area they deal with directly stops where at sea?
-on land?
State Land Commission stops were at sea? 3 miles
-on land? high tide
CCC stops where at sea? 3 miles
-on land? furthers of 300’ (tide, beach, or bluff) or 1st public road
(not same as coastal zone which goes in more)
CCA exemptions or does not require a permit:
CEQA exemptions:
CCA exemptions or does not require a permit:
- MAINTENANCE (no permit needed)
- replacement after disaster (except pubic works)
- single family repairs
- some temp events (per director)
- no impacts
CEQA
- MAINTENANCE
- Emergencies
- Wildlife habitat aquisition
- 0.5 acre habitat restoration
CEQA trying to protect:
CCA thing trying to protect:
How big of an “inprovment” on a single family home is too big to be exempt from CCA?
CEQA
- Recreation/open space
- Envi
- Agriculture
- Cultural (historic stuff, buildings, tribes)
- Noise
CCA
- public access, boating
- Envi (sensitive habitats)
- framlands/fisheries
- scenic views
- urban-rural boundaries and industrial sitting..Reduce density grow by reducing land division. cant do land division outside developed area unless 50% of site are already developed and the division cant be any smaller than average for the area.
- protection from coastal hazards
How big of an “improvement” on a single family home is too big to be exempt from CCA? 50% exerior walls removed would be too big or in special zone (300’, road etc)
responsibility of the California Air Resource Board…examples: 4
what does the DTSC do:
Dpt of Toxic Substance Control usually delegates plan review to who?
- Develop clean air plans to meet federal and state clean air standards
- Reduce environmental impact of movement of goods
- Control health impacts from toxics in coating products
- Regulates the use of formaldehyde in wood products
what does the DTSC do: sim to air but really deals with all toxic substances
Dpt of Toxic Substance Control usually delegates plan review to: fire dpt (hazardous waste management plan)
- ## What is BUILDING COMMISSIONING? 7
- green code commissioning:
- ## requirements: 7-specifics about requirements (GREEN)
— OPR:
—BOD
—commissioning plan
—commissioning report
———————————————-
what does green code require for bld that do not require commissioning (and what bld would this be)
————————————————-
does green code require commissioning on residential buildings?
————————————————
is green code commissioning the same as LEED commissioning?
ENRERGY code requires commissioning required.
-requirements: 08
———————————————–
-specifics about requirements (GREEN)
— OPR:
—BOD
—Design Review Phase
—commissioning plan
—commissioning report
do hospitals require commissioning by the green or the energy code?
what phase does the design phase review happen and who is involved?
-. What is BUILDING COMMISSIONING:
1. QC to meet OWNERS PROJECT REQUIREMENTS from design though construction per green/energy
——————————-
-green code commissioning required:
non-res, 10,000 sf and over (note OSHPD has not adopted this section)
- requirements
1. Owners Project Requirements
2. Basis of Design
3. Commissioning measures in CDs
4. Commissioning plan
5. testing
6. training and manuals/programs
7. commissioning report
------------------------------------------ specifics about GREEN requirements --- OPR: 1. env/sustainability goals 2. indoor air quality requirements 3. program (operation times etc) 4. equip/systems 5.O&M (operation and maintenance) expectations.
- –BOD
1. design phase written statement of how bld will meet OPR requirements for - –renewable energy
- –irrigation
- –water reuse
- –commissioning plan
1. prior to permit, plan of how bld will be commissioned
2. project info
3. goals
4. systems to be commissioned and dtl of how
5. commissioning team info
6. schedule of commissioning - –commissioning report
1. report of activities from design to construction given to owner
what does GREEN code require for bld that do not require commissioning (and what bld would this be)
does green code require commissioning on residential buildings? no
——————————————————–
is green code commissioning the same as LEED commissioning? no LEED commissioning is way more
—————————————————–
——————————————————-
ENERGY code requires commissioning:
-non res over 10,000 sf (except healthcare)
-non res under 10,000 sf only need to do the design phase review portion and can be done by person working on project
- requirements
1. Owners Project Requirements
2. Basis of Design
- DESIGN PHASE REVIEW
- Commissioning measures in CDs
- Commissioning plan
- testing
- training and manuals/programs
- ## commissioning reportspecifics about ENERGY requirements
— OPR: - env/sustainability goals
- ventilation requirements
- program (operation times etc)
- equip/systems
- bld envelope performance expectations
- –BOD
1. design phase written statement of how bld will meet OPR requirements for - –HVAC
- –indoor lighting
- –water heating
- –bld envelope components
- –DESIGN REVIEW PHASE
1. design review kickoff (signed doc)
2. CD design review (signed doc)
reviewer requirements:
- under 10,000 sf (eng/arch or record)
- 10,000-50,000 sf (inhouse eng/arch but not working on project
- over 50,000 or complex requires 3rd party
- –commissioning plan
1. prior to permit, plan of how bld will be commissioned
2. project info
3. commissioning goals
4. systems to be commissioned and dtl of how
5. commissioning team info
6. schedule of commissioning - –commissioning report
1. report of activities from design to construction given to owner
do hospitals require commissioning by the green or the energy code?
no….OSHPD has not adopted that section fo the green code per the matrix, energy code specifically exempts healthcare of all types from the commissioning section (they have their own requirements)
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——————————
what phase does the design phase review happen and who is involved? schematic design…owner, arch, DESIGN REVIEWER (must not be working on project if over 10,000 sf etc)
BUILDING COMMISSIONING green code definition:
a systematic quality assurance process that spans the entire design and construction process, including verify and documenting that building systems and components are planned, designed, installed, tested, operated and maintained to meet the owner’s project requirements.
11B accessible parking --------------------------------------------- EVCS accessible parking ------------------------------------------- fix seating wheel chair spaces ------------------------------------------ fixed seating companion seats ------------------------------------------ fix seating aisle seats ---------------------------------------- fix seating ambulatory seats ----------------------------------- min room size --------------------------------- min room dim -------------------------------- min eff dwelling unit size ------------------------------- acc toilet stalls: ------------------------------ ambulatory toilet stalls: ------------------------------ acc urinals ------------------------------ acc sinks ------------------------------ acc mirrors, coat hooks ------------------------------ non accessible toilet clear: ----------------------------- toilet gals: wall urinal: floor urinal: shower: tub: lav: kitchen sink:
11B accessible parking 25 50 75 100 150 200 300 400 500 --------------------------- EVCS accessible parking 4 25 50 ------------------------------------------- fix seating wheel chair spaces 25 - 1 50 - 2 150 - 4 300 - 5 ------------------------------------------ fixed seating companion seats: 1 per wheelchair seat ----------------------------------------- fix seating aisle seats: 5% ---------------------------------------- fix seating ambulatory seats: 1% ---------------------------------------- min room size: 120sf (other rooms 70 exluding bath, kitchen, circulation) --------------------------------- min room dim: 7' (excluding blah, blah) -------------------------------- min eff dwelling unit size: 220 sf ----------------------------- acc toilet stalls: 5% toliets+urinals (60" x 54"/59", 48"/60" clear in front (front/side door). door can swing into anything but the 60x54/59 ------------------------------ ambulatory toilet stalls: equal to acc # after 6 toilet and/or urinals (35-37" x 60") ------------------------------ acc urinals: 10% (forward approach) ------------------------------ acc sinks: 10% ------------------------------ acc mirrors, coat hooks: 1 ------------------------------ non accessible toilet clear: 30", 24" in front. ----------------------------- toilet gals: 1.28 wall urinal: 0.125 floor urinal: 0.5 tub: shower: 1.8 @ 80psi kitchen sink: 1.8 @ 80 psi lav: 1.2 @ 60 psi/ 0.5@ 60 psi (common)
SHGC:
U Factor:
VT:
SHGC: .23
U factor: .3/.36
VT: .5 is good (below .4 starts to get not good)
operational permit:
permit to operate:
example of something that would need both?
example of something that would prob only need an operations permit?
who certifies operation of waste water treatment facilities?
operational permit: fire dpt permit for places that have hazardous stuff, or assembly spaces (indoor over 49, outdoor over 1000)
permit to operate: AQMD permit to exhaust stuff etc
example of something that would need both? dry cleaners
example of something that would prob only need an operations permit? outdoor festival with 1000 or more people
who certifies operation of waste water treatment facilities? SWRQB
vapor barrier location: hot climate
vapor barrier location: cold climate
vapor barrier location: temperate climate
class I vapor barrier:
class II vapor barrier:
class III vapor barrier:
vapor barrier location: hot climate—- warm side (outside)
vapor barrier location: cold climate—- warm side (inside)
vapor barrier location: temperate climate—- warm side in winder (inside)
class I vapor barrier: perm <= 0.1 (poly sheet)
class II vapor barrier: per >0.1 to 1 (craft faces batt)
class III vapor barrier: per >1 to 10 (enamel paint)
Big difference between ASTM and UL
AMCA: ASA: IAPMO: IES: AHRI: AISC: APA: ASHRAE: NFRC: SJI
ASTM develops standards for construction materials etc…UL develops and preforms tests (and standards for those tests) as well as safety standards
AMCA: air movement Control Assoc…HVAC…mostly fan testing standards
ASA: Acoustical Society or America
IAPMO: International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Official….make uniform plumbing code, certification, testing
IES Illuminating Engineering Society, standards for lighting
AHRI: Air-Conditioning, Heating, and Refrigeration Institute. HVAC and water heating, commercial refrigeration standards (also reps these mfg)
AISC: Americal Institute of Stell Construction
APA: engineered wood association
ASHRAE: HVAC
NFRC: national fenestration rating council
SJI: steel joist insititute
items to submit in addition to plans and specs
_____________________
SCP
Geotec report (bld and ESBSSA)
Waste Management Plan (Cal Green)
Hazardous Material Management plan (CFC)
Structural intergtery report (historic and probably existing blds)
_______________________
SCP: site cleanup plan RWQCQB can clean up sites from unauthorized release… RWQCB force responsible people to take care of their mess. SWRQC handle budgets ect from a state level
surety bond
who is the obligee:
who is the principle:
who is the obligee: person that gets paid
who is the principle: person the fails to fulfill contract (the GC in out case mostly)
CBC and ADA order of accessibility concern for existing bld/alterations etc
- entrance
- route to area
- restroom
- tele
- drinking fountain
- parking, signs, alarms
exit separation is sprinklered?
bld height that requires 3 exits?
high rise per green/energy vs bld/fire?
1/3 diagonal
bld height that requires 3 exits? 420’
high rise per green/energy vs bld/fire? 4 stores/ occ floor 75’ above lowest access
CUPA
Who certifies theses:
What the the programs of CUPA: 6
Certified Unified Program Agency: gives statutory authority to require permits, issue violation, and enforce the CAL EPA
Who certifies theses: secretary of Cal EPA
programs:
- Hazardous Material Release Plans
- Cal OES, Office of Emergency Services - Accidental Release Prevention
- OES - Hazardous material management plan/statments
- Cal Fire, OSFM - AGSA, above ground petroleum storage act
- Cal Fire, OSFM - UST, underground storage tank program
- SWRCB - onsite hazardous waste generation and treatment
- department of toxic substances control
What 3 main chemicals does the CA Clean Air limit in relation to generator exhaust?
What engines does this not apply to?
Nitrogen oxides: )NOX) 11 PPM
Volatile organic compounds (VOC) 30 PPM
Carbon monoxide (CO) 250 ppm
1, 50hp or under
- operate less than 500 hours per year (south coast says 200)
- consume less than 1trillion BTU a year (full ech does say 1 trillion..wow)
seismic shaking zone:
seismic design category:
site classification:
wind exposure category:
seismic shaking zone: 1-4 (cal in 3-4, urban areas mostly 4)
seismic design category: A,B, C, D, E, F category 1,2,3: A: little shake good soil B: moderate shake C: significant shake D: Sever shake E: near major Fault
Category 4 A: little shake good soil C: moderate shake D: significant shake D: Sever shake F: Near major Fault
site classification: A, B, C, D, E, F
A: Hard rock
B: Rock
C: very dense soil with rocks
D: stiff soil (standard default)
E: soil with lots of clay
F: high qualification
—————————————————
Exposure category:
B: = < 30’ mean bld height, B surface roughness for 1500’ min. upwind
> 30’ mean bld height, B surface 2500’ min. or 20x bld height upwind (which ever is greater
C: all others
D:
-D surface roughness 5000’ min. upwind
- B or C surface roughness but site is within 600’ of a D roughness area.
long beach earthquake:
Sylmar earthquake:
North Ridge earthquake:
what type of hospitals does the HSSA apply to:
What else about this is important to know:
SPC:
—————————-
HSSSA, when was non-structural bracing required:
—————————-
HSSSA when was/is 1st step in structural upgrades required:
-original dates:
-current extension dates:
-what is req’d:
—————————-
HSSSA. ultimately what must buildings achieve by what date:
long beach earthquake: 1933 fields act, then DSA
Sylmar earthquake: 1971 = original hospital seismic safety act in 1983
north ridge earthquake: 1994, hospital seismic safety act update… hospitals built to the 1983 HSSA held up great..others did not = update to act in 1994 after the north ridge earthquake
what type of hospitals does the HSSA apply to: general acute care….note that acute gain means inpatient opposed to Ambulatory care which would be outpatient. being acute care alone does not make this a type IV occupany risk category (it would need to provide EMERGENCY SURGERY OR ER)
SPC: HSSA “structural performance rating”
SPC 1 = major risk
SPC 5 = reasonably capable of surviving quake
SPC 1 must be updated or removed by 2020
SPC 2 must be updated or removed by 2030
campus with all SPC 3,4,5 good to go for 2030
————————–
HSSSA, when was non-structural bracing required: 2002
————————
HSSSA when was/is 1st step in structural upgrades required:
-original dates: 8, 13, 20
-current extension dates: 22/25
-what does this mean: upgrade SPC1 to SPC2 by 2022 or rebuilt new by 2025
————————
HSSSA. ultimately what must buildings achieve by what date: all buildings SPC 3,4,5 by 2030
(note, hospitals that took the 2025 extension will be built to new standards and would probably hit the SPC5 rating…clever shits)
——————from OSHPD.GOV—————
Structural Performance Category (SPC) Ratings
All general acute care hospital buildings are assigned a structural performance category (SPC). SPC ratings range from 1 to 5 with SPC-1 assigned to buildings that may be at risk of collapse during a strong earthquake and SPC 5 assigned to buildings reasonably capable of providing services to the public following a strong earthquake. State law requires all SPC-1 buildings to be removed from providing general acute care services by 2020 and all SPC-2 buildings to be removed from providing general acute care services by 2030. Therefore, a hospital facility that may be comprised of a number of hospital buildings meets the 2020 requirements if there are no SPC 1 buildings on campus. A hospital facility meets the 2030 requirements if all the buildings on campus are either SPC 3, 4 or 5.
real name for Cal OSHA
three lateral resisting systems
Agencies under the DGS:
DOSH, division of occupational safety and health
- brace frame
- shear wall
- moment frame
Agencies under the DGS:
- DSA
- CBSC
cbc chapters 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
1: scope/admin
2: def
3: occ class
4: special use
5: height/area
6: construction type
7: fire and smoke protection
8: finishes (flame spread)
9: fire protection systems
10: egress
11: acc
12: interior envi
13: energy (just says see green code)
14: exterior walls
15: roofs
16: structural
what types of occupancies have to follow the entire code and have no use for the adoption matrix at all (unless they are state owned)
What if one of these occupanies is state owned?
B, S, M
What if one of these occupanies is state owned? follow BSC under matrix adoption
existing building code compliance methods
How to determine fire rating of exiting building components:
unique thing required for exiting buildings:
accessibility:
unique ramp code:
- Prescriptive compliance method- most conservative
- Work Area compliance method (not adopted by CA).. bigger the area of work bigger the requirements
- performance compliance method (not adopted by CA)- proved safety will be contained
How to determine fire rating of exiting building components: appendix in existing building code (looks kinda like the chapter 7 fire assembly charts)
unique thing required for exiting buildings:
1. peer review (independent struct eng hired by owner and not working on project)
2. reports at SD, DD, end of CD (before plan check) to AHJ
3. design
————————————————
accessibility:
1. only one accessible entrance required
2. at least on accessible path to all primary function areas
3. parking/ loading if provided and route
4. comply with 11a/11b where TECHNICALLY infeasible do what you an.
5. alt to primary function area require toilet facitlity and drinking fountain.
———exceptions: over 20% total buget
———exceptions: only windows, mech, elec, sprinklers, or increasing acc
unique ramp code:
up to 1:10 (10%) for 6” rise
up to 1:8 (12.5%) for 3” rise
code naming heirachy
who develops and maintains codes for CA:
CCC, CBSC, CBC
California Code of Regulations
California Building Standards Code - title 24
California Building Code
who develops and maintains accessibility codes for CA:
- CCR by OAL
- CBSC T24 by CBSC (California Building Standards Commission)
live loads?
- Offices
- retail
- library ready
- library stack
- class room
- other assembly
- residential
- fixed seating assembly
- garage
- garages: 40
- residential: 40, 40/40 (this induces hospital patient rooms and jail cells (100, 100/100 at public spaces)
- class rooms: 40, 100/80
- Offices: 50, 100/80
- fixed seating assembly: 60, 100/100
- other assembly: 100, 100/100
- retail: 100/75
- library stack: 150, 100/80 (only 60 in ready room)
1: 8
1: 10
1: 12
1: 20
1: 48
1: 8 = 12.5%
1: 10 = 10%
1: 12 = 8.33%
1: 20 = 5%
1: 48 = 2%
